Butyrate modulates TGF-β1 generation and function: Potential renal benefit for Acacia(sen) SUPERGUM™ (gum arabic)?

Matsumoto, Nobuhiro; Riley, Stephen; Fraser, Donald; Al-Assaf, Saphwan; Ishimura, Eiji; Wolever, T M; Phillips, Glyn O.; Phillips, Aled Owain

doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5000028

Cited by 90 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The fermentation of GA by intestinal bacteria leads to the formation of several degradation products including short-chain fatty acids [29]. Accordingly, GA treatment has previously been shown to enhance the serum butyrate concentration in healthy subjects [30]. Infusion of D , L -3-hydroxybutyric acid and sodium D , L -3-hydroxybutyrate have in turn been shown to increase the glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow in humans [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gum Arabic <i>(Acacia senegal)</i> on Renal Function in Diabetic Mice

Nasir¹,

Umbach²,

Rexhepaj³

et al. 2012

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Background/Aims: Gum arabic (GA) is a Ca²⁺-, Mg²⁺- and K⁺-rich dietary fiber used for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease in Middle Eastern countries. In healthy mice, GA treatment increases creatinine clearance, renal ADH excretion, as well as intestinal and renal excretion of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. GA decreases plasma Pi concentration, urinary Pi and Na⁺ excretion. The present study explored the effects of GA on renal function in diabetic mice. Methods: Metabolic cage experiments were performed on Akita mice (akita^+/–), which spontaneously develop insulin deficiency and thus hyperglycemia. Plasma and urinary concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ were measured by flame photometry (AFM 5051, Eppendorf, Germany), creatinine by the Jaffé method, phosphate photometrically, urea by an enzymatic method, glucose utilizing a glucometer and an enzymatic kit, aldosterone using an RIA, urinary albumin fluorometrically, and blood pressure by the tail-cuff method. Results: GA (10% in drinking water) significantly increased urinary excretion of Ca²⁺ and significantly decreased plasma phosphate and urea concentrations, urinary flow rate, urinary Na⁺, phosphate and glucose excretion, blood pressure and proteinuria. Conclusions: GA treatment decreases blood pressure and proteinuria in diabetic mice and may thus prove beneficial in diabetic nephropathy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gum Arabic <i>(Acacia senegal)</i> on Renal Function in Diabetic Mice

Nasir¹,

Umbach²,

Rexhepaj³

et al. 2012

Kidney Blood Press Res

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show abstract

“…The mechanisms by which GA abates the studied parameters of CKD may include, among other possible factors [39], its ability to decrease the inflammatory cytokines and oxidative and nitrosative stress markers that are significantly elevated by adenine feeding [29]. Another possible factor in the salutatory action of GA may be obesity, which is known to be a significant problem and a modifiable risk factor in patients with many diseases, including CKD, and the prevalence of obesity is progressively increasing in the general population, including CKD patients [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gum Acacia Improves Renal Function and Ameliorates Systemic Inflammation, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats with Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Za’abi

Al-Salam

Suleimani

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: The effect of treatment with gum acacia (GA), a prebiotic shown previously to ameliorate chronic kidney disease (CKD), in diabetic and non – diabetic rats with adenine – induced CKD has been investigated using several conventional and novel physiological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters. Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic and non – diabetic rats were randomly divided into several groups, and given either normal food or food mixed with adenine (0.25% w/w, for five weeks) to induce CKD. Some of these groups were also concomitantly treated orally with GA in the drinking water (15% w/w). Results: Rats fed adenine alone exhibited physiological (decreased body weight, increased food and water intake and urine output), biochemical (increase in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, plasma urea and, creatinine, indoxyl sulfate and phosphorus), inflammatory biomarkers (increased in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, transforming growth factor beta -1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, cystatin C and interleukin-1β), oxidative biomarkers (8-isoprostane, 8 -hydroxy -2-deoxy guanosine), nitrosative stress biomarkers (nitrite and nitrate) and histopathological (increase in tubular necrosis and fibrosis) signs of CKD. STZ - induced diabetes alone worsened most of the renal function tests measured. Administration of adenine in STZ – diabetic rats further worsened the renal damage induced by adenine alone. GA significantly ameliorated the renal actions of adenine and STZ, given either singly or in combination, especially with regards to the histopathological damage. Conclusion: GA is a useful dietary agent in attenuating the progression of CKD in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

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“…51 LTs are metabolites of arachidonic acid formed from the 5-LOX pathway and exert potent vasoactive and proinflammatory effects in conditions associated with RIR injury. 52 LTs also play a physiological role in the host defense against microbial infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Ginger, Arabic Gum, andBoswelliain Acute and Chronic Renal Failure

2011

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger), Arabic gum (AG), and Boswellia on both acute and chronic renal failure (CRF) and the mechanisms underlying their effects. Acute renal failure was induced by 30 min ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion, while CRF was induced by adenine feeding for 8 weeks. Prophylactic oral administration of ginger, AG, Boswellia, or vehicle (in control groups) was started 3 days before and along with adenine feeding in different groups or 7 days before ischemia-reperfusion. Ginger and AG showed renoprotective effects in both models of renal failure. These protective effects may be attributed at least in part to their anti-inflammatory properties as evident by attenuating serum C-reactive protein levels and antioxidant effects as evident by attenuating lipid peroxidation marker, malondialdehyde levels, and increasing renal superoxide dismutase activity. Ginger was more potent than AG in both models of renal failure. However, Boswellia showed only partial protective effect against both acute renal failure and CRF and it had no antioxidant effects. Finally, we can say that ginger and AG could be beneficial adjuvant therapy in patients with acute renal failure and CRF to prevent disease progression and delay the need for renal replacement therapy.

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Butyrate modulates TGF-β1 generation and function: Potential renal benefit for Acacia(sen) SUPERGUM™ (gum arabic)?

Cited by 90 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of Gum Arabic <i>(Acacia senegal)</i> on Renal Function in Diabetic Mice

Effects of Gum Arabic <i>(Acacia senegal)</i> on Renal Function in Diabetic Mice

Gum Acacia Improves Renal Function and Ameliorates Systemic Inflammation, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats with Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Ginger, Arabic Gum, andBoswelliain Acute and Chronic Renal Failure

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