Butyrate generated by gut microbiota and its therapeutic role in metabolic syndrome

Bridgeman, Stephanie Claire; Northrop, Wendy; Melton, Phillip E.; Ellison, Gaewyn; Newsholme, Philip; Mamotte, Cyril

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105174

Cited by 75 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…If a compromised gut is an obesity-related trait, the functional microbial signature could predispose to a more deleterious phenotype or a higher ability to counteract stressors or response to treatments including also living microorganisms. Furthermore, a signature in butanoic esters confirms the role of butyrate in metabolic diseases [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B632 strains improved insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents with obesity in a cross-over, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2021

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Background & aims: Variations in gut microbiota might impact metabolism leading to body weight excess. We assessed the impact of a probiotic supplementation in pediatric obesity on weight, metabolic alterations, selected gut microbial groups, and functionality. Methods: Cross-over, double-blind, randomized control trial (BIFI-OBESE trial; NCT03261466). 101 youths (6e18 years, Tanner stage !2) with obesity and insulin-resistance on diet were randomized to 2 Â 10 9 CFU/AFU/day of Bifidobacterium breve BR03 (DSM 16604) and B. breve B632 (DSM 24706) (51) or placebo (50) for 8 weeks with a 4-weeks wash-out period. Results: All subjects (M/F 54/47) completed the first 8 weeks, and 82 (M/F 43/39) the last part without adverse events. Mixed-effects models revealed a carry-over effect on many variables in the entire study, narrowing the analysis to the first 8 weeks before the wash-out periods. All subjects improved metabolic parameters, and decreased weight and Escherichia coli counts. Probiotics improved insulin sensitivity at fasting (QUICKI, 0.013 CI95%0.0e0.03) and during OGTT (ISI, 0.654 CI95%-0.11e1.41). Cytokines, GLP1, and target microbial counts did not vary. Of 25 SCFAs, acetic acid and acetic acid pentyl-ester relative abundance remained stable in the probiotics, while increased in the placebo (p < 0.02). A signature of five butanoic esters identified three clusters, one of them had better glucose responses during probiotics. Conclusion: An 8 weeks treatment with B. breve BR03 and B632 had beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity in youths with obesity. Microbiota functionality could influence metabolic answers to probiotics. Long-term studies to confirm and enrich our findings are justified. Tailored probiotic treatments could be an additional strategy for obesity. Trial registration: NCT03261466.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B632 strains improved insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents with obesity in a cross-over, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

et al. 2021

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“…Here, the rats were subjected to perinatal BPA exposure to observe the effects of RBE supplementation on obesity-related indicators and intestinal microbiota in their female offspring in order to better understand the potential application of RBE in the future. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are closely associated with the onset of obesity and metabolic abnormalities in hosts [ 68 ]. Intestinal microbiota regulate the energy metabolism of the host and secrete metabolites to affect the health of the host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit Obesity Caused by Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A in Female Offspring Rats

et al. 2021

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Resveratrol butyrate esters (RBE) are derivatives of resveratrol (RSV) and butyric acid and exhibit biological activity similar to that of RSV but with higher bioavailability. The aim of this study was designed as an animal experiment to explore the effects of RBE on the serum biochemistry, and fat deposits in the offspring rats exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), along with the growth and decline of gut microbiota. We constructed an animal model of perinatal Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to observe the effects of RBE supplementation on obesity, blood lipids, and intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. Perinatal exposure to BPA led to weight gain, lipid accumulation, high levels of blood lipids, and deterioration of intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. RBE supplementation reduced the weight gain and lipid accumulation caused by BPA, optimised the levels of blood lipids, significantly reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, and increased and decreased the abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus, respectively. The analysis of faecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels revealed that BPA exposure increased the faecal concentration of acetate, which could be reduced via RBE supplementation. However, the faecal concentrations of propionate and butyrate were not only significantly lower than that of acetate, but also did not significantly change in response to BPA exposure or RBE supplementation. Hence, RBE can suppress BPA-induced obesity in female offspring rats, and it demonstrates excellent modulatory activity on intestinal microbiota, with potential applications in perinatological research.

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“…Recent studies have implicated SCFAs (including acetate, propionate, and butyrate) as primary microbial-derived metabolites that connect gut microbiota with their health-promoting effects [ 35 ]. SCFA binds to the receptors of free fatty acids, such as GPR41 and GPR43, and increases insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β-cell proliferation [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison of baseline and Week 8 values confirmed no changes in the plasma concentrations of various SCFAs in subjects who received L. plantarum HAC01, suggesting that circulating SCFAs derived from gut microbiota were likely not responsible for the observed improvements in HbA1c levels. However, this conclusion warrants further investigation, as SCFAs have elsewhere been proposed as the most probable mechanism by which probiotics promote health outcomes [ 35 ] and fecal levels of SCFAs are affected by factors as diverse as microbiota composition, colonic transit time, luminal pH, host health status, and colonic clearance [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Moreover, the number of subjects in each group we sampled was small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control in Prediabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Jang

Lee

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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A recent animal study demonstrated that administration of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 isolated from Korean kimchi improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetic mice. In the present study, we evaluated Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01’s effects on metabolic parameters of prediabetic human subjects. Forty subjects with isolated impaired glucose tolerance were randomly assigned to receive a daily placebo (n = 20) or a dose of Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 (n = 20) over eight weeks. The primary endpoint was a change in 2 h postprandial glucose (2h-PPG) levels and the secondary endpoints were assessment of other glucose metabolism parameters, including HbA1c, gut microbiota composition, and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The group with a diet supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 saw a significant reduction in 2h-PPG and HbA1c levels compared to the placebo group. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, microbiota composition, and fecal SCFAs, however, were not significantly altered. No serious adverse effects were reported. This is the first clinical trial to show a beneficial effect of single-strain probiotic supplementation administered over eight weeks on HbA1c levels in prediabetic subjects.

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Butyrate generated by gut microbiota and its therapeutic role in metabolic syndrome

Cited by 75 publications

References 112 publications

Supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B632 strains improved insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents with obesity in a cross-over, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve BR03 and B632 strains improved insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents with obesity in a cross-over, randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Resveratrol Butyrate Esters Inhibit Obesity Caused by Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol A in Female Offspring Rats

Lactobacillus plantarum HAC01 Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control in Prediabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

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