Butyrate and glucose metabolism by colonocytes in experimental colitis in mice

Ahmad, Masood; Shanmuganandan, Krishnan; Ramakrishna, B. S.; Mathan, M.; Pulimood, Anna; Murthy, Shubha

doi:10.1136/gut.46.4.493

Cited by 158 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In experimental colitis, colonocyte oxidation of butyrate is markedly suppressed (169) , leading to reduced cellular ATP levels and decreased cell metabolism. Many studies have demonstrated that delivery of butyrate through local enema or diet results in a protective or therapeutic effect against inflammatory bowel diseases (170,171) .…”

Section: Protecting Effect Against Inflammatory Intestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate

et al. 2010

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Butyrate is a natural substance present in biological liquids and tissues. The present paper aims to give an update on the biological role of butyrate in mammals, when it is naturally produced by the gastrointestinal microbiota or orally ingested as a feed additive. Recent data concerning butyrate production delivery as well as absorption by the colonocytes are reported. Butyrate cannot be detected in the peripheral blood, which indicates fast metabolism in the gut wall and/or in the liver. In physiological conditions, the increase in performance in animals could be explained by the increased nutrient digestibility, the stimulation of the digestive enzyme secretions, a modification of intestinal luminal microbiota and an improvement of the epithelial integrity and defence systems. In the digestive tract, butyrate can act directly (upper gastrointestinal tract or hindgut) or indirectly (small intestine) on tissue development and repair. Direct trophic effects have been demonstrated mainly by cell proliferation studies, indicating a faster renewal of necrotic areas. Indirect actions of butyrate are believed to involve the hormono-neuro-immuno system. Butyrate has also been implicated in down-regulation of bacteria virulence, both by direct effects on virulence gene expression and by acting on cell proliferation of the host cells. In animal production, butyrate is a helpful feed additive, especially when ingested soon after birth, as it enhances performance and controls gut health disorders caused by bacterial pathogens. Such effects could be considered for new applications in human nutrition

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Section: Protecting Effect Against Inflammatory Intestinal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate

et al. 2010

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“…Many of the protective functions of the bacteria linked to IBD relate to their ability to ferment dietary fibre to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) [98]. SFCA are a key source of energy for colonic epithelial cells [99], and regulate colonic regulatory T cell homeostasis [100]. In ileal CD, the abundance of members of the family Ruminococcaceae, in particular Faecalibacterium, is reduced [88,101].…”

Section: Linked To CD [105]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2015

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This review explores our current understanding of the complex interaction between environmental risk factors, genetic traits and the development of inflammatory bowel disease. The primacy of environmental risk factors is illustrated by the rapid increase in the incidence of the disease worldwide. We discuss how the gut microbiota is the proximate environmental risk factor for subsequent development of inflammatory bowel disease. The evolving fields of virome and mycobiome studies will further our understanding of the full potential of the gut microbiota in disease pathogenesis. Manipulating the gut microbiota is a promising therapeutic avenue.

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“…One of the most important functions is production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by fermentation of undigested carbohydrates. These SCFAs have been depicted to regulate transepithelial transport [76], colonocyte proliferation and differentiation [77], mucosal inflammation [78,79], intestinal motility, and barrier function [80]. Many shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria are decreased in IBD patients [51].…”

Section: Gut Flora and Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

et al. 2016

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The disease profile in the Indian population provides a unique opportunity for studying the host microbiome interaction in both infectious (amebiasis) and autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from a similar environment and genetic background. Analysis of fecal samples from untreated amebic liver abscess (ALA) patients, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh)-negative and -positive asymptomatic individuals, and pus samples from naive ALA patients revealed a significant reduction in Lactobacillus in asymptomatic individuals (Eh ?ve) and ALA patients. Two anaerobic genera, namely Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, were detected in naive ALA pus samples. Analysis of fecal samples from amoebic colitis patients showed a significant decline in population of Bacteroides, Clostridium coccoides and leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus, Campylobacter, and Eubacterium, whereas a significant increase in Bifidobacterium was observed. Mucosa-associated bacterial flora analysis from IBD patients and healthy controls revealed a significant difference in concentration of bacteria among predominating and subdominating genera between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and controls. In contrast to the mucosal studies, we found a significant increase in lactobacilli population in fecal samples of active UC patients. Another study revealed a significant decrease of Clostridium coccoides and leptum clusters in fecal samples of active UC patients along with decreased concentrations of fecal SCFAs, especially of nbutyrate, iso-butyrate, and acetate. We therefore found similar perturbations in gut microbiome in both infectious and autoimmune diseases, indicating inflammation to be the major driver for changes in gut microbiome.

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Butyrate and glucose metabolism by colonocytes in experimental colitis in mice

Abstract: Background/aims-Impaired colonocyte metabolism of butyrate has been implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Colonocyte butyrate metabolism was investigated in experimental colitis in mice. (Gut 2000;46:493-499) Methods-Colitis was induced in

Cited by 158 publications

References 36 publications

From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate

From the gut to the peripheral tissues: the multiple effects of butyrate

The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Gut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India

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