Butylated hydroxyanisole in perspective

Antioxidant activity of Potentilla fulgens: An alpine plant of western Himalaya

“…The use of synthetic oxidants in food products is under strict regulation owing to uncertainty about their safety (Verhagen et al, 1991;IARC, 1987). Hence there is growing interest in natural polyphenolic antioxidants, present in medicinal and dietary plants that help attenuate oxidative damage (Rice-Evans et al, 1997;Silva et al, 2005).…”

Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD[P]H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) by a Phenolic Antioxidant, Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) and Its Metabolite, tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) in Primary-Cultured Human and Rat Hepatocytes

“…Studies in many carcinogen-induced animal models have demonstrated that BHA is an effective chemopreventive agent (18 Y 21). BHA can undergo several metabolic pathways in the body, such as dimerization, conjugation and O-demethylation (22). One of the major metabolites of BHA, as shown in rats and human, is the demethylated product, tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) (23).…”

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Mechanisms of Redox Control and Novel Therapeutic Opportunities

“…Oxygen reacts preferentially with BHA or BHT rather than oxidizing fats or oils. BHA can undergo several metabolic pathways in the body, such as dimerization, conjugation, and O-demethylation (238). In the context of RSV infection, treatment of airway epithelial cells with BHA greatly reduces RSV-induced chemokine production and modulates signaling pathways leading to IRF and STAT activation, with a slight reduction in viral replication (37,114,154).…”