Butenes

Obenaus, Fritz; Droste, Wilhelm; Neumeister, Joachim

doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_483.pub2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…This onsite production process substitutes exterior 1-butene production processes like naphtha cracking, increases the market supply, and leads to an enhancement in the production of blendstock, polybutene, and comonomers for HDPE and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) synthesis . On the other hand, the isobutene onsite production process can promote the production of gasoline blendstock, methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE), and ethyl tert -butyl ether (ETBE), which affects the corresponding market demand and supply. Other applications of isobutene, including the production of polyisobutene (PIB) and synthetic rubber, and their corresponding markets are also considered in this CLCA study …”

Section: Consequential Lcismentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequential Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste Chemical Recycling

You

2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This work develops a consequential life cycle optimization (CLCO) framework that integrates the superstructure optimization, consequential life cycle assessment (CLCA) approach, market equilibrium models, and techno-economic assessment methodology to determine the economically and environmentally optimal waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE) chemical recycling technology pathway, which manufactures chemical and energy products that cause market dynamics. System expansion in CLCA can quantify the environmental consequences of an increment of feedstock suppliers' and downstream product consumers' processes as well as a decrement of feedstock consumers' and downstream product suppliers' processes. These market dynamics are ignored when performing attributional life cycle assessment (ALCA). The CLCO problem is formulated as a multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear fractional programming problem and solved by an optimization algorithm that integrates the inexact parametric algorithm and branch-and-refine algorithm. The environmental and economic objectives are minimizing the unit consequential life cycle environmental impacts and maximizing the unit net present value, respectively. Market dynamics results show that consuming natural gas in the waste HDPE chemical recycling process increases the natural gas' market price and supply by 0.1%, while onsite manufacturing propylene decreases propylene market price by 5.46%, decreases propylene supply by 8.8%, and increases the propylene demand by 10.2%. Disparities and comprehensiveness are two effects of system expansion. Disparities are illustrated by a 14.22% decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a 60.37% reduction of photochemical oxidant formation compared to ALCA results. Comprehensiveness of system expansion is reflected by the diverse results of the environmental consequences of each consumer or marginal supplier's process of feedstocks and products. Specifically, the substitution of 1-butene supplier's process by onsite production from chemical recycling reduces 19.68% of total photochemical oxidant formation. Onsite use of natural gas from chemical recycling increases 37.14% of total ionizing radiation.

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Section: Consequential Lcismentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequential Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste Chemical Recycling

You

2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Comparative life cycle assessment of first‐ and second‐generation bio‐isobutene as a drop‐in substitute for fossil isobutene

Fazeni-Fraisl

Lindorfer

2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Isobutene (IBN, C4H8) is widely used in industry. Currently, IBN production relies on petrochemical processes. The current work assesses the comparative environmental sustainability of bio‐based IBN production routes based on first‐ and second‐generation sugar compared with fossil IBN by applying the ISO 14044‐based Life Cycle Assessment methodology. In total nine scenarios are examined. Scenarios 1–6 used first‐generation sugar for IBN fermentation and scenarios 7–9 use cereal straw‐based second‐generation sugar. The scenarios also differ in their process energy source. The savings in Global Warming Potential for first‐generation IBN are up to 68% (scenario 1); for second‐generation IBN, the savings reach 105% if an avoided burden approach for utilizing lignin as an energy source is applied (scenario 8). It is found that applying renewable process energy is a prerequisite to maximizing greenhouse gas savings. Special attention has to be drawn to the eutrophication potential, were none of the scenarios show savings. This is driven by sugar crop cultivation owing to fertilizer usage, thermal energy from solid biomass or natural gas due to NOx emissions and nutrient use for fermentation (e.g. ammonia). Scenarios 4, 7 and 8 show savings in the acidification potential compared with fossil IBN. A driver of acidification is biomass‐based process energy generation, mainly due to SO2 and NOx emissions from biomass combustion. In contrast, all scenarios show a better environmental performance concerning the freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential, the abiotic depletion and the photochemical ozone creation potential. Process development should focus on conversion efficiencies and a fully renewable process energy supply. © 2022 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Products Components: Alcohols

Kuhz

Kuenz

Prüße

et al. 2017

Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology

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Alcohols (CHOH) are classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, which can be branched or unbranched. They can also feature more than one OH-group (two OH-groups = diol; three OH-groups = triol). Presently, except for ethanol and sugar alcohols, they are mainly produced from fossil-based resources, such as petroleum, gas, and coal. Methanol and ethanol have the highest annual production volume accounting for 53 and 91 million tons/year, respectively. Most alcohols are used as fuels (e.g., ethanol), solvents (e.g., butanol), and chemical intermediates.This chapter gives an overview of recent research on the production of short-chain unbranched alcohols (C1-C5), focusing in particular on propanediols (1,2- and 1,3-propanediol), butanols, and butanediols (1,4- and 2,3-butanediol). It also provides a short summary on biobased higher alcohols (>C5) including branched alcohols.

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Butenes

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Consequential Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste Chemical Recycling

Consequential Life Cycle Assessment and Optimization of High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste Chemical Recycling

Comparative life cycle assessment of first‐ and second‐generation bio‐isobutene as a drop‐in substitute for fossil isobutene

Products Components: Alcohols

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