But can she command a ship? Acceptance of women by peers at the coast guard academy

Stevens, Gwendolyn; Gardner, Sheldon

doi:10.1007/bf00289648

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In addition to women's exclusion from male friendship networks, some male graduates directly expressed antifemale sentiments and argued that the Naval Academy should be an all-male officer training institution. These findings are consistent with prior research on women's integration that finds that women have not yet been fully integrated into the service academies (DeFleur 1985;Pershing 2001;Stevens and Gardner 1987), lending support to the explanation that the absence of gender differences in hazing victimization is most likely unique to freshman year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Furthermore, since the survey only includes questions about hazing victimization rather than perpetration, students' motivations for hazing particular freshmen based on gender or other personal characteristics cannot be examined. Despite these limitations, prior research that finds that women have not yet been fully integrated into the service academies (DeFleur 1985;Pershing 2001;Stevens and Gardner 1987) lends support to the latter explanationthat is, the absence of gender differences in hazing victimization are most likely unique to freshman year. This interpretation is further substantiated by the interviews because the majority of graduates indicated that gender was a less salient factor of differentiation during plebe year.…”

Section: Pervasiveness Of Hazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Men and Women's Experiences with Hazing in a Male-Dominated Elite Military Institution

Pershing

2006

Men and Masculinities

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Numerous studies have documented the prevalence of hazing rituals and other rites of initiation in predominantly male organizations, including the military. However, little is known about how gender is related to hazing, specifically in male-dominated institutions where women are a relatively newpopulation. This case study draws on survey and interview data to examine both differences and similarities in men and women's experiences with hazing in an elite military institution: the U.S. Naval Academy, which is the U.S. Department of Defense's service academy for training Naval and Marine Corps officers. Although women have attended the Naval Academy since 1976, they comprise only 10% of the student population. Despite attempts to eradicate hazing, findings reveal that not only is hazing pervasive but that men and women are equally likely to experience it during their first year at the Academy. This suggests that one's status as a plebe (freshman) overrides one's gendered status. Men and women's attitudes about hazing, however, vary on some issues. Men are more likely than women to agree that certain types of hazing should be allowed at the Academy and are less likely to perceive negative consequences of reporting hazing. In contrast, men and women are equally likely to agree that the rigors of plebe year should be used to eliminate students who are not committed to the military. In addition to calling for an expansion of hazing research to include an examination of gender, a primary implication of the findings presented here is that future studies take into account the impact of men and women's shared experiences as initiates or new members of formal institutions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Pervasiveness Of Hazingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men and Women's Experiences with Hazing in a Male-Dominated Elite Military Institution

Pershing

2006

Men and Masculinities

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“…Or perhaps they retain their stereotypes but see their managers as exceptions. Both explanations agree with evidence that direct work experience decreases negative attitudes towards women managers (Frank, 1988) and female co-workers (Craig &Jacobs, 1985;Stevens & Gardner, 1987). Earlier studies that found differences between male and female managers may have elicited sex-role stereotypes by using simulated rather than real managers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Gender and perceived power in manager—subordinate relations

Ragins

Sundstrom

1990

Journal of Occupational Psychology

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A field study in three organizations investigated gender differences in subordinates' perceptions of managers' power. For 55 female and 55 male managers matched on position power, one subordinate per manager (N = 110, half male and half female) completed a questionnaire. Perceived reward, legitimate, expert and referent power were all intercorrelated, but unrelated to coercive power. Male and female managers did not show the expected differences in combined, reward, coercive, legitimate and referent power. Contrary to predictions, subordinates rated female managers higher than male managers on expert power. Male managers with female subordinates were rated lower on combined and expert power than other gender combinations. Implications are discussed.

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“…Military roles were thus shown to be particularly masculine on several indexes as well as especially male dominated on a numerical basis. Other research has consistently shown that male military officers and cadets generally hold hostile and sexist attitudes toward female officers and cadets, although there is also some evidence of growing tolerance (Stevens & Gardner, 1987; P.J. Thomas, Perry, & David, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and the effectiveness of leaders: A meta-analysis.

Eagly

Karau

Makhijani

1995

Psychological Bulletin

938

765

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This article presents a synthesis of research on the relative effectiveness of women and men who occupy leadership and managerial roles. Aggregated over the organizational and laboratory experimental studies in the sample, male and female leaders were equally effective. However, consistent with the assumption that the congruence of leadership roles with leaders' gender enhances effectiveness, men were more effective than women in roles that were defined in more masculine terms, and women were more effective than men in roles that were defined in less masculine terms. Also, men were more effective than women to the extent that leader and subordinate roles were male-dominated numerically. These and other findings are discussed from the perspective of social-role theory of sex differences in social behavior as well as from alternative perspectives.

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But can she command a ship? Acceptance of women by peers at the coast guard academy

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Men and Women's Experiences with Hazing in a Male-Dominated Elite Military Institution

Men and Women's Experiences with Hazing in a Male-Dominated Elite Military Institution

Gender and perceived power in manager—subordinate relations

Gender and the effectiveness of leaders: A meta-analysis.

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