Business model-network interactions: Comparative case studies from Zhongguancun and Silicon Valley

Elucidating technology-based social entrepreneurs’ scale and scope perspectives: a study of environmental and organizational variables

“…The early works of Montgomery et al (2012) and Phills et al (2008) advocated that governments should develop an infrastructure like a web-based portal where a knowledge community could interact with each other without barriers in boundless manner for social entrepreneurs. The growth of many of the Silicon Valley technology-based ventures in the decade of 1990s occurred because Silicon Valley was connected by internet infrastructure in early 1990s well by the US Government (Trunina and Ashourizadeh, 2021; Kenney, 2000). SEs like technology entrepreneurs often operated on shoestring budgets (Baier-Fuentes et al , 2021; Waddock, 2017; Saxenian and Edulbehram, 1998).…”

“…Thus, TBSEs required a shared technology infrastructure base (Baier-Fuentes et al , 2021; Phills et al , 2008; Abu-Saifan, 2012). Again, this was provided by either government or large corporations or universities that might have opened up its technology infrastructure base to TBSEs (Trunina and Ashourizadeh, 2021; Mosey and Wright, 2007; Etzkowitz and Zhou, 2017; Weerawardena and Mort, 2006; Baier-Fuentes et al , 2021). It was thus important to comprehend that without access to expensive technologies, quite a few individual entrepreneurs would not be able to turn into successful technology enterprises in the first place let alone becoming successful TBSEs.…”

Assessment of the Network Interaction Synergistic Effect According to the Organization Life Cycle

“…But such an effect can arise with any expansion of the scale of activity, regardless of whether the enterprise is a member of a business network or operates without participation in any association. Economies of scale arise as a result of large-scale operations and are based on the law of reducing total costs with increasing production volumes and on a complete use of capacities (Trunina & Ashourizadeh, 2021).…”

“…Entrepreneurial networks are formed based on the principles of adaptability and self-evolution. They have a fundamentally different mechanism of external competitiveness within the organization, which is adequate to external market competitiveness in terms of its essential characteristics (Trunina & Ashourizadeh, 2021;Megits, Neskorodieva & Schuster, 2020). Due to the decentralized organization model, market competitiveness is achieved by all participants in network links without losses and the weakening of each lowest level of the network.…”

“…The explanatory variables are based on the types and sources of economies of scale (Growth rate)(Kozan & Akdeniz, 2014;Trunina & Ashourizadeh, 2021):1) Retained Earnings (GR_Prof) -an indicator of the availability of self-financing sources (except for data with a negative value of retained earnings);2) Attracting Capital (GR_Cap) -an indicator of the availability of financial resources: owned and attracted, respectively; 3) Net Book Value of Fixed Assets (at residual value) and Inventories (GR_ Prod) -a resource availability indicator; 4) Average Number of Employees (GR_Staff)a labor force availability indicator; 5) Short-and Long-term Investments (GR_ Inv) -an investment potential indicator; 6) Distribution Costs (GR_Mark) -a marketing potential indicator; 7) Intangible Assets (GR_Intan) -an indicator of the availability of intangible resources (copyright and related rights, the right to use natural resources, industrial property, trademarks).…”