“…The positive effects of EMU on business cycle synchronization are confirmed, with albeit different statistical methods, by Altavilla (2004), Gogas (2013), Darvas and Szapáry (2008), Gonçalves et al (2009), among others, as well as for different proxies for economic activity such as industrial production (Gayer, 2007) or economic sentiment indicators (Aguiar-Conraria et al, 2013). On the other hand, other studies fail to detect any EMU effect on business cycle synchronization (Camacho et al, 2006;Weyerstrass et al, 2011), or find even a dampening one (Papageorgiou et al, 2010).…”