Bursting Dynamics of Spiking Neural Network Induced by Active Extracellular Medium

Abstract

We propose a mathematical model of a spiking neural network (SNN) that interacts with an active extracellular field formed by the brain extracellular matrix (ECM). The SNN exhibits irregular spiking dynamics induced by a constant noise drive. Following neurobiological facts, neuronal firing leads to the production of the ECM that occupies the extracellular space. In turn, active components of the ECM can modulate neuronal signaling and synaptic transmission, for example, through the effect of so-called synaptic scaling. By simulating the model, we discovered that the ECM-mediated regulation of neuronal activity promotes spike grouping into quasi-synchronous population discharges called population bursts. We investigated how model parameters, particularly the strengths of ECM influence on synaptic transmission, may facilitate SNN bursting and increase the degree of neuronal population synchrony.

Artificial Neural Network Model with Astrocyte-Driven Short-Term Memory

“…A possible future research direction could involve incorporating the regulation of synaptic transmission by the brain's extracellular matrix into the model. Experimental and model studies suggest that this regulation can influence processes associated with memory and neural network activity [50][51][52].…”

Control of Network Bursting in a Model Spiking Network Supplied with Memristor—Implemented Plasticity

“…The interplay between excitation and inhibition can lead to synchronized bursts of activity. Such dynamics are particularly observed in many experimental studies using dissociated cultures of brain neurons [39,40] and theoretical studies [5,7,[41][42][43].…”