Burns caused by bromine and some of its compounds

Sagi, Amir; Baruchin, A.M.; Ben‐Yakar, Yona; Kon, Masayuki; Avraham, Eyal; Mahler, Dan

doi:10.1016/0305-4179(85)90097-x

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Cutaneous bromine exposure leads to brownish discoloration, tissue necrosis, blister formation, and slow-healing ulcers [5] that may be accompanied by stratum corneum disruption, vacuolation of keratinocyte nuclei, dermoepidermal junction damage, and dermal collagen coagulation [11]. Previously in swine exposed cutaneously to liquid bromine, we reported transcriptional responses associated with functional processes and cellular signaling pathways as a means to link molecular events with characterized pathological observations [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Following injury, wounded military personnel can typically reach an intensive care unit in the United States and receive treatment within 2-4 days [27,28]. Moreover, cutaneous bromine exposure often leads to delayed signs of injury, and Sagi et al [5] observed that 40% of 59 patients did not seek medical aid until at least 1 day after injury. Therefore, 48 h after bromine vapor exposure was chosen as a good starting point to provide direction for future research efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Microarray analysis has become a common tool to provide such an understanding, and genomic profiling has been used to characterize transcriptional patterns in skin following various chemical exposures [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. With respect to cutaneous bromine burns, tissue damage can progress long after exposure, thereby delaying clinical signs and symptoms, which can often lead to underestimating burn severity [5]. Therefore, molecular profiles can aid in the development and implementation of appropriate treatments to reduce bromine-induced skin injury by identifying molecular targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The extent and severity of bromine-induced burns are difficult to assess because there is often little to no immediate visible skin damage. Bromineinduced skin damage can slowly progress and lead to brownish discoloration, tissue necrosis, blister formation, and slow-healing ulcers [5]. For many chemicalinduced dermal burns, the treatment can vary from irrigation and neutralization to topical treatments and laser ablation [6][7][8][9][10]; however, the current accepted first aid treatment for bromine is washing with soap and water (http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/ npgd0064.html).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An assessment of transcriptional changes in porcine skin exposed to bromine vapor

Rogers

Price

Wendling

et al. 2011

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Bromine is an industrial chemical that can cause severe cutaneous burns. This study was a preliminary investigation into the effect of cutaneous exposure to bromine vapor using a weanling swine burn model and microarray analysis. Ventral abdominal sites were exposed to a mean calculated bromine vapor concentration of 0.69 g L(-1) for 10 or 20 min. At 48 h postexposure, total RNA from skin samples was isolated, processed, and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Porcine Genome Arrays. Expression analysis revealed that bromine vapor exposure for 10 or 20 min promoted similar transcriptional changes in the number of significantly modulated probe sets. A minimum of 83% of the probe sets was similar for both exposure times. Ingenuity pathways analysis revealed eight common biological functions among the top 10 functions of each experimental group, in which 30 genes were commonly shared among 19 significantly altered signaling pathways. Transcripts encoding heme oxygenase 1, interleukin-1β, interleukin 2 receptor gamma chain, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were identified as common potential therapeutic targets for Phase II/III clinical trial or FDA-approved drugs. The present study is an initial assessment of the transcriptional responses to cutaneous bromine vapor exposure identifying molecular networks and genes that could serve as targets for developing therapeutics for bromine-induced skin injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An assessment of transcriptional changes in porcine skin exposed to bromine vapor

Rogers

Price

Wendling

et al. 2011

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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“…For example, toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) pose a unique risk due to their ease of production and acquisition, and their acute toxicity. This class includes bromine (Sagi et al, 1985), chlorine (Squadrito et al, 2010), cyanide (Baskin and Rockwood, 2002), carbonyl chloride (phosgene) (Borak and Diller, 2000), and pesticides such as parathion and chlorpyrifos (Ballantyne and Marrs, 1992).…”

Section: Other Agents Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics and proteomics in chemical warfare agent research: Recent studies and future applications

Everley¹,

Dillman²

2010

Toxicology Letters

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a b s t r a c tMedical research on the effects of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has been ongoing for nearly 100 years, yet these agents continue to pose a serious threat to deployed military forces and civilian populations. CWAs are extremely toxic, relatively inexpensive, and easy to produce, making them a legitimate weapon of choice for terrorist organizations. While the mechanisms of action for many CWAs have been known for years, questions about their molecular effects following acute and chronic exposure remain largely unanswered. Global approaches that can pinpoint which cellular pathways are altered in response to CWAs and characterize long-term toxicity have not been widely used. Fortunately, innovations in genomics and proteomics technologies now allow for thousands of genes and proteins to be identified and subsequently quantified in a single experiment. Advanced bioinformatics software can also help decipher large-scale changes observed, leading to mapping of signaling pathways, functional characterization, and identification of potential therapeutic targets. Here we present an overview of how genomics and proteomics technologies have been applied to CWA research and also provide a series of questions focused on how these techniques could further our understanding of CWA toxicity.

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Halogens

Puccio¹

2015

Hamilton &Amp; Hardy's Industrial Toxicology

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Burns caused by bromine and some of its compounds

Cited by 23 publications

References 7 publications

An assessment of transcriptional changes in porcine skin exposed to bromine vapor

An assessment of transcriptional changes in porcine skin exposed to bromine vapor

Genomics and proteomics in chemical warfare agent research: Recent studies and future applications

Halogens

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