Burnout Levels of Handball Players with Respect to Age, Gender and Experience

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate burnout levels of handball players in terms of age, gender and experience. In this study, 116 female and 128 male, totally 244 handball players with the mean age 22.39±1.98 year participated voluntarily. Maslach Burnout Inventory that originally developed by Maslach and Jackson (1981) and adapted to Turkish population by Ergin (1992) was used for measuring the burnout levels of handball players. The data of this research analyzed with SPSS package program and to test the internal consistency of the scale, Cronbach Alpha coefficient was calculated. According to the binary group comparisons, it was determined that the data were not normally distributed and therefore Mann Whitney U test was used. And also, The Kruskall Wallis H test was used for the multiple group comparisons. According to Mann Whitney U test results, there were no significant differences in emotional burnout (p=.088, p>.05), depersonalization (p =.411, p>.05) and personal accomplishment (p=.503, p>.05) between male and female handball players. According to Kruskall Wallis H test results, there were no significant differences in emotional burnout (p=.152; p>.05), depersonalization (p=.310; p>.05) and personal accomplishment (p=.301, p>.05) sub dimensions according to age and no significant difference was found in the subscale of personal accomplishment (p=.641; p> .05) according to the experience variable. But, there were statistically significant difference in emotional burnout (p=.003; p<.05) and depersonalization (p=.008; p<.05) sub -dimensions according to experience variable. As a result, burnout level and depersonalization are thought to be important in terms of the experience of handball players.

Mental Toughness and Motivational Climate of Basketball Players According to Gender and Age Groups

“…It is thought that the meaning they attribute to the motivational climate in a sports environment where young basketball players and older basketball players are together is not affected by the ages of the athletes. 39 Our findings are also in line with other studies linking the development of motivational climate with mental toughness 46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60…”

Mental Toughness and Motivational Climate of Volleyball Players

“…26 Our findings are also in line with other studies linking the development of motivational climate with mental toughness. 22,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42…”

Síndrome De Burnout E Tempo De Prática Em Atletas De Esportes De Combate

“…Considerando a importância de uma abordagem individualizada e o fato de que existem diferentes fontes de estresse relacionadas ao contexto esportivo (Tišma & Čokorilo, 2015), características como o tipo de modalidade esportiva e nível de experiência em competições devem ser mais investigadas (Tišma & Čokorilo, 2015), visto que em atletas de voleibol (Teixeira et al, 2016) e handebol (Toros, 2018) observou-se que quanto maior o tempo de prática, menores eram os sintomas relacionados a síndrome de burnout, indicando que a experiência esportiva pode ajudar os atletas a lidar melhor com as situações estressantes dos treinamentos e competições (Teixeira et al, 2016).…”

“…De fato, a síndrome de burnout em atletas é um fenômeno complexo que pode se manifestar de diferentes maneiras, dependendo das Introdução características e experiências do atleta durante a sua carreira esportiva (Andrade et al, 2019). Nesse sentido, estudos que investigaram a relação entre o tempo de prática e o processo implícito à ocorrência da síndrome de burnout, em diferentes modalidades e faixas etárias, relataram resultados heterogêneos (Pires, Ferreira, Vasconcelos, & Penna, 2019;Teixeira, Batista, Leite, & Silva, 2016;Toros, 2018;Vieira, Carruzo, Aizava, & Rigoni, 2013), não havendo ainda um consenso em relação a essas variáveis.…”