Burning plasma simulation and environmental assessment of tokamak, spherical tokamak and helical reactors

Arimoto

et al. 2012

Cost evaluation analysis of the tokamak-type demonstration reactor DEMO using the PEC (physicsengineering-cost) system code is underway to establish a cost evaluation model for the DEMO reactor design. As a reference case, a DEMO reactor with reference to the SSTR (steady state tokamak reactor) was designed using PEC code. The calculated total capital cost was in the same order of that proposed previously in cost evaluation studies for the SSTR. Design parameter scanning analysis and multi regression analysis illustrated the effect of parameters on the total capital cost. The capital cost was predicted to be inside the range of several thousands of M$s in this study.

Section: Methods Of Cost Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Cost Models for Tokamak DEMO Fusion Reactors

Oishi

Arimoto

et al. 2012

“…Several blanket modules author's e-mail: yamazaki@ees.nagoya-u.ac.jp and fuel systems (D-T or D-3 He) are considered in TR design. We used the PEC code [1][2][3] to calculate the COE of magnetic confinement fusion reactors. The PEC code is a system code that calculates the plasma parameters and radial build of fusion reactors with input parameters such as net electric power output and ignition margin.…”

Section: Assessment Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] for the TR, HR, and ST. To compare all the fusion reactors under the same conditions, 1 GW net electric power output, a 30-year operation period, and 0.75 plant availability are assumed.…”

Section: Assessment Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it is essential to assess the safety, economics, and environmental burden of fusion reactors compared with other power generation systems. In this paper, we calculate the cost of electricity (COE) and CO 2 emission amounts for several types of fusion reactors using the PhysicsEngineering-Cost (PEC) code [1,2]. We clarify major components contributing to large CO 2 emission amounts in each reactor design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and Economical Assessment of Various Fusion Reactors by the Calculation of CO2 Emission Amounts

Uemura

Arimoto

et al. 2010

We compared the CO 2 emissions of several fusion reactors. The magnetic confinement systems evaluated here are the tokamak reactor (TR), helical reactor (HR), and spherical tokamak reactor (ST). These models are calculated by the Physics-Engineering-Cost (PEC) code. The inertial confinement fusion reactor (IR) is also evaluated, assuming its driver energy and driver efficiency. In addition, different blanket modules and fuels are considered in the TR designs. To calculate life-cycle CO 2 emission from fusion reactors defined by plasma parameters and radial build, we used a basic unit for CO 2 weights (kt-CO 2 /t-material). Calculation results indicate that CO 2 is emitted mainly in the construction stage of superconducting magnet systems for magnetic confinement fusion reactors. For the IR design, the driver system construction and pellet fabrication stages involve considerable CO 2 emission. By comparing fusion reactors with other electric power generation systems in terms of CO 2 emission, we confirmed that fusion reactors emit less CO 2 . Therefore, introducing a carbon tax has little effect on the economics of fusion reactors, and the cost of electricity (COE) from fusion reactors might be lower than that of oil-fired electric power plants when a carbon tax of around several hundred yen/t-CO 2 is introduced.

“…For the realization of fusion power plants, an economical and environment-friendly fusion reactor system should be explored. We have assessed cost and life-cycle CO 2 emission amount for toroidal magnetic fusion energy (MFE) reactor designs by the PEC (Physics-Engineering-Cost) system code [1][2][3]. Recently, this code has been upgraded to apply to the inertial fusion energy (IFE) design for equivalently evaluating both MFE and IFE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Economics and CO2 Emission of Magnetic and Inertial Fusion Reactors

Mori

Oishi

et al. 2011

An economical and environment-friendly fusion reactor system is needed for the realization of attractive power plants. Comparative system studies have been done for magnetic fusion energy (MFE) reactors, and been extended to include inertial fusion energy (IFE) reactors by Physics Engineering Cost (PEC) system code. In this study, we have evaluated both tokamak reactor (TR) and IFE reactor (IR). We clarify new scaling formulas for cost of electricity (COE) and CO 2 emission rate with respect to key design parameters. By the scaling formulas, it is clarified that the plant availability and operation year dependences are especially dominant for COE. On the other hand, the parameter dependences of CO 2 emission rate is rather weak than that of COE. This is because CO 2 emission percentage from manufacturing the fusion island is lower than COE percentage from that. Furthermore, the parameters dependences for IR are rather weak than those for TR. Because the CO 2 emission rate from manufacturing the laser system to be exchanged is very large in comparison with CO 2 emission rate from TR blanket exchanges.