Burning characteristics and emission products related to metallic content in incense

Lin, Tsair Fuh; Yang, Chi-Ru; Chang, Feng-Hsiang

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.06.052

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…However, incense burning has been considered as a noteworthy source of indoor air pollution. Fine and ultrafine particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, other gaseous compounds, and heavy metals are emitted from incense burning 9, 10, 11, 12. For children, exposure to incense smoke has been associated with increased respiratory symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fine and ultrafine particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, other gaseous compounds, and heavy metals are emitted from incense burning. [9][10][11][12] For children, exposure to incense smoke has been associated with increased respiratory symptoms. Wang et al 13 This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adolescent lung function associated with incense burning and other environmental exposures at home

Chen

2016

Indoor Air

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Incense burning is a popular cultural and religious practice, but whether exposure to incense smoke has effects on lung function is unclear. We investigated association between lung function and incense burning exposure and other household exposures in adolescents who participated in a mass asthma‐screening program. Information on asthmatic status and associated factors was obtained from parent‐completed questionnaires and student‐completed video questionnaires. Approximately 10% of students received lung function examinations. Valid lung function data of 5010 students aged 14‐16 years in northern Taiwan were analyzed. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory flow in 1 second (FEV 1) were compared by incense burning status and other types of exposures for adolescents. Overall, 70.6% of students were exposed to incense smoke at home. The mean FVC and FEV 1 measures were lower among adolescents with daily exposure to incense burning than those without such exposure (P<.05). Sharing bedroom was also associated with decreased FVC and FEV 1. After controlling for confounding factors, multivariable linear regression analysis with generalized estimation equation showed that FVC was negatively associated with daily exposure to incense burning, sharing a bedroom, and living in a house adjacent to a traffic road. Such associations were also observed in FEV 1. Daily exposure to incense burning is associated with impaired adolescent lung function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent lung function associated with incense burning and other environmental exposures at home

Chen

2016

Indoor Air

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“…The temperature of the microwave was raised to 160°C over 10 min and held for 15 min at a power of 800 W and pressure of 30 bar. The digestion was carried out for 35 min at a rate of 0.5 bar s -1 (Lin et al 2007). After the microwave-assisted digestion, the samples were filtered, transferred into 50 mL volumetric flask and made to volume using distilled deionized water (DDW).…”

Section: Determination Of Heavy Metal Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals in soils along unpaved roads in south west Cameroon: Contamination levels and health risks

Ngole‐Jeme

2015

Ambio

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Soils enriched with heavy metals from vehicular emission present a significant exposure route of heavy metals to individuals using unpaved roads. This study assessed the extent of Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn contamination of soils along unpaved roads in Cameroon, and the health risks presented by incidental ingestion and dermal contact with the soils using metal contamination factor (CF) pollution load index, hazard quotients (HQ) and chronic hazard index (CHI). CF values obtained (0.9-12.2) indicate moderate to high contamination levels. HQ values for Cr, Cd and Pb exceeded the reference doses. Moderate health hazard exists for road users in the areas with intense anthropogenic activities and high average daily traffic (ADT) volume according to CHI values (1-4) obtained.The economy and quality of life in cities with unpaved roads could be threatened by health challenges resulting from long-term exposure to heavy metal derived from high ADT volumes.

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“…51 Studies have shown that burning incense sticks, used in religious worship by the Chinese, is a highly possible risk factor for NPC. 52,53 Epstein -Barr virus infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Epstein-Barr virus infects B lymphocytes and epithelial cells, inducing growth transformation. This virus is commonly found in the saliva of healthy individuals.…”

Section: Causes Of Nasopharyngeal Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese immigrants, compared with Chinese in China and South East Asia: review

Hussain

2009

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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Burning characteristics and emission products related to metallic content in incense

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Adolescent lung function associated with incense burning and other environmental exposures at home

Adolescent lung function associated with incense burning and other environmental exposures at home

Heavy metals in soils along unpaved roads in south west Cameroon: Contamination levels and health risks

Incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese immigrants, compared with Chinese in China and South East Asia: review

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