Burning behaviour of rainscreen façades

Jones, Nicola; Peck, Gabrielle; Mckenna, Sean Thomas; Glockling, Jim L. D.; Harbottle, John; Stec, Anna A.; Hull, T. Richard

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123894

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Total smoke release (TSR) and CO yield monitored in the cone calorimeter investigation were considered in order to get an impression of the influence of the P-containing FRs on the gas-phase behavior during fire. The CO yield (values given in Tables 6 and 7) was taken as one aspect and measure of smoke toxicity [4,39].…”

Section: Forced Flaming Combustion (Cone Calorimeter)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Additives for Crosslinked Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foams: Comparison of Chemical Structures

et al. 2022

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The impact of phosphorus-containing flame retardants (FR) on rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams is studied by systematic variation of the chemical structure of the FR, including non-NCO-reactive and NCO-reactive dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO)- and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-containing compounds, among them a number of compounds not reported so far. These PIR foams are compared with PIR foams without FR and with standard FRs with respect to foam properties, thermal decomposition, and fire behavior. Although BPPO and DOPO differ by just one oxygen atom, the impact on the FR properties is very significant: when the FR is a filler or a dangling (dead) end in the PIR polymer network, DOPO is more effective than BPPO. When the FR is a subunit of a diol and it is fully incorporated in the PIR network, BPPO delivers superior results.

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Section: Forced Flaming Combustion (Cone Calorimeter)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Additives for Crosslinked Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foams: Comparison of Chemical Structures

et al. 2022

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“…Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Housing of the United Kingdom releases an advises for building owners of multi-storey which comprises of full scale BS8414 fire test reports on 3 commercially available ACP product in the market which is firstly PE filler, FR rated and A2 rated ACP. From this fire test, unfortunately, only A2 rated ACP pass the fire test leaving behind PE filler and FR rated ACP [5], [6]. Thus, this research shall focus on the study of these 3 type of ACP which is available in the market [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Thermal Analysis of Aluminium Composite Panel’s Core Material Using Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS)

Zaimi,

Jusoh,

Tharima

et al. 2023

MSF

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Aluminum composite panel cores are usually found to be combustible. At the present, most buildings that installs combustible aluminum composite panel’s (ACP) core as part of the wall cladding are suspected to accelerate the spread of fire and act as fuel during burning. The purpose of this study is to develop thermogravimetry analysis test (TGA) using FDS which is widely used by fire researchers to study the fire behavior of polymer composite. A pyrolysis model was being developed using FDS. The pyrolysis model developed has tested 5 type of ACP commercial core which includes 3 different fire retardant (FR) ACP from various manufacturer, A2 ACP and 100% polyethylene ACP. All the samples shall be simulated at a maximum of 800 °C, a heating rate of 10 °C per minute and 20mL per minute nitrogen air flow to ensure that the pyrolysis process take place. In the same time, a TGA test was conducted experimentally to compare the result from the simulation. The result from the model developed and experimental testing was closely identical. Results obtained from fire dynamic simulation indicate the same decomposition point and residue for the mass fraction. Relative error was calculated to compare the result and the highest error obtained was 9.69% for A2 type and the lowest recorded was 2.59% for FR1 type. To summarize, FDS manage to reflect the exact pyrolysis process that occurs on the 5 type of ACP that was being tested experimentally.

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“…When uninterrupted fires occurred in ancient villages, the fire spread caused great damage to clustered wooden houses [8]. Deteriorated wooden buildings might have a greater possibility of catching fire when they contact open flame [9][10][11]. However, the current fire protection force in rural areas is still relatively weak, mainly due to a lack of public firefighting facilities, a lack of firefighting management, low firefighting awareness among villagers, and difficulties in external firefighting rescue [12].…”

Section: Introduction 1introduction To Fire Spread Of Wooden Housesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Mechanism of Fire Spread between Full-Scale Wooden Houses from Internal Fires

et al. 2022

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In ancient villages, the spread of uninterrupted fires caused great damage to clustered wooden houses. Thus, the spread of fire among wooden houses should be systematically studied to explore its characteristics. Statistical analysis is a feasible way to study the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of fire in full-scale wooden houses. In this study, 4 full-scale wooden buildings were built in an ethnic village in Guizhou Province, and the fire spread test was conducted by igniting a 0.63-MW power wood crib. To investigate the fire spread, the visual characteristics were observed, and the temperatures and heat radiation at special locations were monitored with thermocouples and radiation flowmeters, respectively. The effect of relative slope, heat radiation, and wind direction on fire spread characteristics was established by mathematical statistics, and the measured temperatures were used to verify the statistics’ regularity. The results showed that in wooden houses, fire spread was mainly influenced by the slope, the distance between houses, and wind direction. When the inner wall of a wooden house is protected by a fireproof coating, the thermal radiation spread and fire spread are both slower. The slope and distance had the same influence weight (0.41) on fire spread; however, since they affect the process in different ways, they should be analyzed separately for fire risk evaluation. The findings of this study provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the fire spread process in wooden buildings.

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Burning behaviour of rainscreen façades

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Effective Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Additives for Crosslinked Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foams: Comparison of Chemical Structures

Effective Halogen-Free Flame-Retardant Additives for Crosslinked Rigid Polyisocyanurate Foams: Comparison of Chemical Structures

Simulation of Thermal Analysis of Aluminium Composite Panel’s Core Material Using Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS)

Characteristics and Mechanism of Fire Spread between Full-Scale Wooden Houses from Internal Fires

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