Burkitt's Lymphoma and Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome

Ziegler, J. L.; Bluming, A Z; Templeton, A. C.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91363-8

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Now they are being viewed as circulating immune complexes because of the demonstration that they contain appropriate antigens, antibodies, or other immunoreactants that may relate to the pathogenesis of the disease they accompany (4). For example, cryoglobulins occur regularly in the sera of patients with diseases of known infectious etiology associated with "autoimmune" features, such as infectious mononucleosis (5,6), leprosy (7), poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (8), cytomegalovirus syndromes (6,9), subacute bacterial endocarditis (10,11), and tropical splenomegaly syndrome, resulting from chronic malarial exposure (12). Cryoglobulins have, in addition, been described in rheumatic disorders of unknown etiology such as systemic lupus erythematosus (13), the "purpura-wi-t\etkiness-artlhr-algia" syndrome (14), immunologic syndromes involving the kidney (15) and in New Zealand Black mice (16), and in a primary or "essential" form (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Significance in serum of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.

Weisman¹,

Zvaifler²

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

113

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A B S T R A C T Cryoglobulins were examined in a standardized manner in an unselected group of 35 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 8 patients with RA complicated by cutaneous vasculitis and neuropathy. Optimum conditions for detection and characterization of cryoglobulins were established; the proportion of resolubilized to total precipitable protein remained constant in an individual patient under these conditions. All 8 vasculitis patients and 9 of 35 other patients with RA exhibited cryoglobulins; total protein and immunoglobulin content were significantly higher in the cryoglobulins of patients with vasculitis. Immunoglobulins G and M constituted two-thirds and three-quarters of the total protein in the cryoglobulins from uncomplicated rheumatoid and vasculitis patients, respectively. Serum antiglobulin titers were higher, and serum C3 levels were lower, in vasculitis patients compared to rheumatoid patients without vasculitis.Anti-gamma globulin activity was detected in all cryoglobulins from vasculitis patients. Cryoglobulin IgG and IgM were polyclonal. Density gradient analyses demonstrated the majority of the cryoglobulin antiglobulin activity to reside in the 19S IgM fraction. There was no evidence of a light weight (8S) IgM (2). Fourteen years after the original observation a patient was described who exhibited a similar phenomenon in the absence of malignancy and whose clinical features suggested an immunologically mediated disease (3). In recent years the emphasis of investigations concerning these proteins has changed. Now they are being viewed as circulating immune complexes because of the demonstration that they contain appropriate antigens, antibodies, or other immunoreactants that may relate to the pathogenesis of the disease they accompany (4). For example, cryoglobulins occur regularly in the sera of patients with diseases of known infectious etiology associated with "autoimmune" features, such as infectious mononucleosis (5, 6), leprosy (7), poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (8), cytomegalovirus syndromes (6, 9), subacute bacterial endocarditis (10, 11), and tropical splenomegaly syndrome, resulting from chronic malarial exposure (12 METHODSPatients. Samples were obtained from 38 patients with RA, who were encountered in follow-up visits to a rheumatology clinic or hospitalized for either orthopedic or medical complications of their disease. They were chosen at random over a 6-mo period (January-June 1972). Patients with rheumatoid vasculitis were chosen consecutively as they were identified over a 12-mo period (January-December 1972). Patients with RA were representative of a total population of clinic-based rheumatoids; patients with vasculitis were either discovered in our clinic based population (W. H.), referred to our rheumatology division for evaluation of vasculitis (J. S., D. A., M. H., and L. T.), or hospitalized at the Veterans Administration Hospital for vasculitis (D. M., J. S., and R. M.). All patients (including those with vasculitis) met the American Rheumati...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Significance in serum of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.

Weisman¹,

Zvaifler²

1975

J. Clin. Invest.

113

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“…The result is anemia, deposition of large immune complexes in Kupffer cells in the liver and spleen, reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia, and hepatosplenomegaly. 2,5,6 Medical management with antimalarial drugs for prolonged period is the mainstay of therapy. Response to therapy is guided by the splenic size and symptomatic improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The need to clear these macromolecular aggregates stimulates the reticuloendothelial system, resulting in hyperplasia. This causes the progressive and massive enlargement of the spleen and hepatomegaly 4,5,6 . Most patients present during adult life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome in a pregnant woman: A good response and prognosis to splenectomy

Tesfamariam¹,

Zekarias²,

Tekle³

2010

Jrnl Erit Med Assoc

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“…39 The presence of grossly elevated anti-malarial antibody titres, autoantibodies including rheumatoid factor, and cryoglobulins in HMS is further evidence of the immunological perturbation. 40 The spleen, and in particular the splenic marginal zone, is the prime presentation site for bloodborne antigens such as the malaria products associated with erythrocytic stages of infection. The constant antigen challenge to which individuals living in areas of intense malaria transmission are exposed, combined with the increased phagocytic drive eventually leads to massive splenic enlargement.…”

Section: Malaria and Endemic Burkitt's Lymphomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic malaria and splenic lymphoma: clues to understanding lymphoma evolution

Bates

Bedu-Addo

1997

Leukemia

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In west Africa, splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes and hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly have many clinical and immunological features in common suggesting an aetiopathological link. We hypothesize that in hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly the dysregulated immune response to repeated malaria infections results in a stimulated, proliferating pool of B cells in which perturbation of cell growth and apoptosis by environmental and other factors promotes the development of SLVL. In Africa these factors are likely to include infectious agents several of which have already been associated with Bcell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

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Burkitt's Lymphoma and Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Significance in serum of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.

Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Significance in serum of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.

Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome in a pregnant woman: A good response and prognosis to splenectomy

Chronic malaria and splenic lymphoma: clues to understanding lymphoma evolution

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