Burden of Undetected and Untreated Glaucoma in the United States

Shaikh, Yahya; Yu, Fei; Coleman, Anne L.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2014.08.023

Cited by 123 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…5 Other studies of high-risk populations also found that rates of adherence to recommended follow-up care were below 50%, even when major barriers to eye care such as cost and accessibility were minimized. 6–8 These low rates of eye care utilization can be major obstacles to combating vision problems in the United States (US) such as the high prevalence (~2.4 million Americans 9 ) of undiagnosed and untreated glaucoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Use of Eye Care Among Adult Chinese Americans: The Chinese American Eye Study

Jiang

Varma

Torres

et al. 2017

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose To identify the prevalence and determinants of self-reported eye care use among Chinese Americans. Design Population-based, cross-sectional study. Participants A total of 4582 Chinese Americans 50 years and older residing in Monterey Park, California. Methods Multivariable logistic regression analyses based on Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use were conducted to identify predisposing, enabling, and need variables associated with self-reported eye care use. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of self-reported use assessed as eye care visit in the past 12 months, dilated eye examination in the past 12 months, and ever having had a dilated examination, and odds ratios for factors associated with these measures. Results Overall, 36% of participants reported an eye care visit and 21% reported a dilated examination in the past 12 months. Forty-eight percent reported ever having had a dilated eye examination. Older age, female gender, preference for English, more education, health and vision insurance, a usual place for health care, currently driving, a greater number of comorbidities, and lower vision-specific quality of life (NEI VFQ-25) scores were associated with higher odds of reporting use of eye care. Conclusions Use of eye care among Chinese Americans was found to be as low as what is reported for African Americans and Hispanics, and lower than what is reported for whites. Multiple modifiable factors are associated with use of eye care among the rapidly growing Chinese American population. Culturally sensitive interventions targeting these factors should be a priority. Further research is needed to investigate how findings from this group of Chinese Americans reflect other Asian Americans that are different in language and ethnicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Use of Eye Care Among Adult Chinese Americans: The Chinese American Eye Study

Jiang

Varma

Torres

et al. 2017

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…If untreated, the glaucoma progresses and visual field defects develop, leading to a reduction in visual function [4][5][6]. Because the visual field defects are irreversible, the detection of glaucoma at an early stage is important so that therapy can be instituted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and specificity for detecting early glaucoma in eyes with high myopia from normative database of macular ganglion cell complex thickness obtained from normal non-myopic or highly myopic Asian eyes

Nakanishi

Akagi

Hangai

et al. 2015

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…The absolute difference between first and second measurement of CDR was evaluated for deviations of 0.05 or larger. Repeated measures logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) 13 was used to model the probability that the absolute difference between CDR measures was 0.05 or larger. This model also accounted for the dependency in the data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaucoma Screening in Nepal: Cup-to-Disc Estimate With Standard Mydriatic Fundus Camera Compared to Portable Nonmydriatic Camera

Miller

Thapa

Robin

et al. 2017

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose To compare cup to disc ratio (CDR) measurements from images taken with a portable, 45° non-mydriatic fundus camera to images from a traditional table-top mydriatic fundus camera. Design Prospective, cross sectional, comparative instrument validation study. Methods Setting Clinic-based. Study Population 422 eyes of 211 subjects were recruited from the Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology (Kathmandu, Nepal). Two masked readers measured CDR and noted possible evidence of glaucoma (CDR ≥0.7 or the presence of a notch or disc hemorrhage) from fundus photographs taken with a non-mydriatic portable camera and a mydriatic standard camera. Each image was graded twice. Main Outcome Measures Effect of camera modality on CDR measurement, inter- and intra-observer agreement for each camera for the diagnosis of glaucoma. Results 196 eyes (46.5%) were diagnosed with glaucoma by chart review. 41.2%–59.0% of eyes were remotely diagnosed with glaucoma over grader, repeat measurement, and camera modality. There was no significant difference in CDR measurement between cameras after adjusting for grader and measurement order (estimate=0.004, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.003–0.011, p=0.24). There was moderate inter-observer reliability for the diagnosis of glaucoma (Pictor (κ=0.54, CI, 0.46–0.61); Topcon (κ=0.63, CI, 0.55–0.70) and moderate intra-observer agreement upon repeat grading (Pictor (κ=0.63 and 0.64, for Graders 1 and 2, respectively); Topcon (κ=0.72 and 0.80, for Graders 1 and 2, respectively). Conclusions A portable, non-mydriatic, fundus camera can facilitate remote evaluation of disc images on par with standard mydriatic fundus photography.

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Burden of Undetected and Untreated Glaucoma in the United States

Cited by 123 publications

References 53 publications

Self-reported Use of Eye Care Among Adult Chinese Americans: The Chinese American Eye Study

Self-reported Use of Eye Care Among Adult Chinese Americans: The Chinese American Eye Study

Sensitivity and specificity for detecting early glaucoma in eyes with high myopia from normative database of macular ganglion cell complex thickness obtained from normal non-myopic or highly myopic Asian eyes

Glaucoma Screening in Nepal: Cup-to-Disc Estimate With Standard Mydriatic Fundus Camera Compared to Portable Nonmydriatic Camera

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