Burden of tobacco in Nepal: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017

Shrestha, Gambhir; Phuyal, Prabin; Gautam, Rabin; Mulmi, Rashmi; Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047847

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…These results suggest that a sustainable concerted effort to reduce tobacco consumption should sustain over years to have a substantial impact. Similar findings have been reported elsewhere in the world, such as India 14 , Nepal 15 , and China 16 . Their main measures included legislative and awareness in India, regulatory measures in Nepal, and the Healthy China 2030 Initiative in China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Declining trend of tobacco use in a rural community of Bangladesh: Results of eight years of community interventions

Zaman¹,

Zaman²,

Banik³

et al. 2023

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

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Tobacco use in Bangladesh has been high, but there is no report on community-level intervention to reduce tobacco use. The aim of this article is to report the experience of eight years of community intervention to reduce tobacco use in a rural area of Bangladesh. We have done four householdbased surveys (2006, 2008, 2012, and 2014) in Ekhlaspur village of Chandpur district. One man and one woman aged ≥18 years from each of 600 households were selected for each survey randomly to monitor tobacco use in this village concomitant with community interventions. The intervention package included yard meetings, health facility-based counselling, observance of the world no-tobacco days, and periodic lectures in schools. Chi-square for linear trend analysis was done to examine declining trends of prevalence of tobacco use. There were 953 to 1015 participants, approximately half being men in each survey. Their mean age was 44 to 45 years in all surveys. A decline in tobacco use has been observed from 58.8 in 2006 to 43.4% in 2014 (Ptrend=0.000). There has not been any perceivable change in smoking in women because it was either zero or close to zero across surveys. A similar trend was observed in age groups, educational achievements, and hypertension (Ptrend=0.000). Smoking in men declined from 58.3 to 35.2% (Ptrend= 0.000). Community interventions in a sustainable manner can reduce tobacco use in rural communities of Bangladesh. BSMMU J 2022; 15(3): 157-161

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Declining trend of tobacco use in a rural community of Bangladesh: Results of eight years of community interventions

Zaman¹,

Zaman²,

Banik³

et al. 2023

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

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“…Previous studies have reported that testosterone has an immunosuppressive effect, whereas oestrogens tend to reinforce immunological hyper-response ( Beery, 2003 ). Additionally, the majority of males have a history of smoking and alcohol consumption ( Fujii et al, 2021 ; Shrestha et al, 2021 ). Smoking and alcohol consumption can aggravate underlying diseases and reduce cardiopulmonary function, which is another possible reason for this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting pulmonary infection in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs

Luo,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Objective: Pulmonary infection (PI), a severe complication of immunosuppressive therapy, affects patients’ prognosis. As part of this study, we aimed to construct a pulmonary infection prediction (PIP) model and validate it in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs).Methods: Totally, 7,977 patients being treated with ISDs were randomised 7:3 to the developing (n = 5,583) versus validation datasets (n = 2,394). Our predictive nomogram was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate COX regression analyses. With the use of the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve, the prediction performance of the final model was evaluated.Results: Among the patients taking immunosuppressive medication, PI was observed in 548 (6.9%). The median time of PI occurrence after immunosuppressive therapy was 123.0 (interquartile range: 63.0, 436.0) days. Thirteen statistically significant independent predictors (sex, age, hypertension, DM, malignant tumour, use of biologics, use of CNIs, use of methylprednisolone at 500 mg, use of methylprednisolone at 40 mg, use of methylprednisolone at 40 mg total dose, use of oral glucocorticoids, albumin level, and haemoglobin level) were screened using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate COX regression analysis. The PIP model built on these features performed reasonably well, with the developing C-index of 0.87 (sensitivity: 85.4%; specificity: 81.0%) and validation C-indices of 0.837, 0.829, 0.832 and 0.830 for predicting 90-, 180-, 270- and 360-day PI probability, respectively. The decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves displayed excellent clinical utility and calibration performance of the nomogram.Conclusion: The PIP model presented herein could aid in the prediction of PI risk in individual patients who receive immunosuppressive treatment and help personalise clinical decision-making.

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“…Previous studies have reported that testosterone has an immunosuppressive effect, whereas oestrogens tend to reinforce immunological hyperresponse (Beery, 2003). Additionally, the majority of males have a history of smoking and alcohol consumption (Fujii et al, 2021;Shrestha et al, 2021). Smoking and alcohol consumption can aggravate underlying diseases and reduce cardiopulmonary function, which is another possible reason for this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Data Mining in Pharmaceutical Research

Pan,

Zhao,

Jia

et al. 2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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Burden of tobacco in Nepal: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Declining trend of tobacco use in a rural community of Bangladesh: Results of eight years of community interventions

Declining trend of tobacco use in a rural community of Bangladesh: Results of eight years of community interventions

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting pulmonary infection in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs

Application of Data Mining in Pharmaceutical Research

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