Burden of spinal cord injury in Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Study Design: Investigation of burden of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) using disease modeling. Objectives: The present paper is intended to estimate the SCI burden for the year 2008. Setting: Tehran, capital of Iran. Methods: Epidemiological data needed to calculate Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) for SCI, was estimated according to prevalence, duration and relative risk of mortality using DISMOD software. For DALY calculation, the years of life lost because of premature mortality (YLL) was added to the number of years lost because of disability (YLD). To calculate DALYs for SCI, first year DALY calculated separately and for the next years, the DALY was assessed for six different clinical presentations of traumatic SCI including quadriplegia, quadriparesis, paraplegia, paraparesis, hemiplegia and hemiparesis. Results: In first year following SCI, the DALY was 3772 years, which has 0.5 DALY per 1000 people and YLL/DALY was 89.3%. Following the first year, the DALY was 435 for quadriplegia, 163 for quadriparesis, 868 for paraplegia, 164 for paraparesis, 26 for hemiplegia and 14 for hemiparesis. The total YLL for traumatic SCI was 4077 years and total YLD was 1364 years (total YLL/DALY was 74.9%) and total DALY was 5441 years, (M/F ¼ 2.0), which has 0.7 DALY per 1000 people in Tehran in 2008. Conclusions: This study showed a high burden for SCI. Identifying the risk factors of SCI, and performing cost-effective preventive interventions for reducing burden of SCI is recommended.

Epidemiology of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

“…1) [8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73] related to the 28 developing countries all around the world. Tables 1 and 2 show the study period, number of patients, age, sex, level of injury, completeness of SCI and etiology.…”

“…Twenty-nine papers from the following 19 countries reported the annual incidence of SCI: Brazil [16,17,19], Bulgaria [21], Chile [22], China [23,25,26], Fiji Island [27], Greenland [28], Iran [31,32,34], Jordan [35], Kuwait [36], Qatar [55], Romania [56], Russia [57,58], Saudi Arabia [8], Sierra Leone [60], South Africa [61], Thailand [64,65], Turkey [67,69,70,71], Vietnam [72], Zimbabwe [73] (table 1). As mentioned before, the low incidence of SCI from some countries may not be accurate since data may be aggregated from hospitals or rehabilitation centers and not directly collected.…”

Incidence and Prevalence of Spinal Cord Injury in Canada: A National Perspective

“…Although there have been no studies that report the incidence and prevalence of SCI in Canada, initial estimates can be obtained using studies that meet these criteria in conjunction with data on Canadian demographics. Using data from other regions to calculate the burden and even incidence and prevalence of disease has proven to be acceptable [17,18]. We estimate the national discharge incidence for TSCI and NTSCI to be 3,675 cases (109 per million) and the prevalence of SCI in Canada to be 85,556 in 2010.…”

Health status of veterans with spinal cord injury during screening program in Tehran 2013: Investigating the pulmonary function - a preliminary report

“…About 2200 veterans with spinal cord injury live in Iran whose injuries are due to Iraq-Iran war and fight against drugs (Rahimi-Movaghar, et al, 2010). Life expectancy in people with spinal cord injury one year after injury is about 90 percent of normal people (Burns, et al, 2014).…”