Burden of Prostate Cancer in China, 1990–2019: Findings From the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study

Abstract

Our study is the first to illustrate the age and geographic distribution differences in the epidemiology of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2019 in China. Prostate cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor derived from prostate epithelial cells and is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men. In recent years, the global incidence and the annual deaths number of PC showed a continuous increase, which has caused a huge disease burden on human health. In terms of the global average, the incidence and mortality of PC in China are relatively low. However, the age-standardized incidence rate of PC was 17.3/100,000 in 2019 in China, with a 95.2% rise compared to 1990, while the global growth rate of incidence rate over the same period is 13.2%. This showed that the development trend of PC in China is not optimistic. There are few precise studies on the epidemiology of PC in China. After the general analysis strategy used in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we elaborated on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and the corresponding age-standardized rate of the Chinese PC population from 1990 to 2019 according to different ages and provinces. We used joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the incidence and mortality trends. Our analysis shows that elderly people over 80 are still the main focus of incidence and death. The epidemiology and disease burden of PC of different provinces in China show obvious regional differences, and some certain provinces such as HongKong, Macao, and Zhejiang should be paid more attention. More targeted and effective strategies should be developed to reduce the burden of PC in China.

Prostate cancer mortality time trends in BRICS, from 1990 to 2019: an age- period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019

“…PCa is a prototypical geriatric ailment, and the issue of aging population in China has garnered signi cant attention. In 2020, the proportion of the Chinese population aged 65 and above was 12.0%, with a projected increase to 23.7% by 2040 23 . In the future, the focus of PCa prevention and control in our country will be to lower the occurrence and mortality rates of PCa in the elderly population.…”

A novel model incorporating quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound into PI-RADSv2-based nomogram detecting clinically significant prostate cancer

“…In China, according to the latest published authoritative statistics in the year of 2016 3 , the mortality rate of PCa is 33.6 in every 100,000 Chinese male and the incidence of PCa is 78.3 in every 100,000 Chinese male. In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate of PCa is 17.3 in every 100,000 Chinese males, with a 95.2% rise compared to the year of 1990, which is not an optimistic sign while the growth rate of age-standardized incidence rate over the same period globally is 13.2% 4 . Though the incidence of PCa is rising rapidly, there is still a large proportion of patients with PCa diagnosed at autopsy would never have any clinical symptoms during their lifetime, and the 10-year survival rate of whom is much higher than patients with clinically significant symptoms 5 .…”

Real-world effectiveness and safety of goserelin 10.8-mg depot in Chinese patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer

“…Prostate cancer was the second most frequent and 5 th leading cause of death in all male cancers worldwide in 2020, with approximately 1.4 million new cases and 375,000 related deaths 1 . China has been faced with an increasing burden of prostate cancer, with an estimated 153,448 incident cases and 54,391 deaths in 2019 2 . Chinese patients with prostate cancer are older at the time of diagnosis, have higher pre-operative prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, and are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease than their Western counterparts, suggesting that prostate cancer is more aggressive in Chinese patients 3 , 4 .…”