Burden of influenza‐associated deaths in the Americas, 2002–2008

Cheng, Po‐Yung; Palekar, Rakhee; Azziz‐Baumgartner, Eduardo; Iuliano, Danielle; Alencar, Airlane Pereira; Bresee, Joseph S.; Oliva, Otávio Pinheiro; Marinho, Fátima; Widdowson, Marc‐Alain

doi:10.1111/irv.12317

Cited by 46 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…(16). In two American studies, the age group most at risk for fatality was reported as those older than 65 years (17,18). The overall incidence of SARI and F-SARI in our study was estimated at 187.6 and 29.0 per 100 000 population, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Estimation of influenza and severe acute respiratory illness incidence (burden) in three provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2012 and 2013

Gouya¹,

Rezaei²,

Haghdoost³

et al. 2016

East Mediterr Health J

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There are few estimates of influenza burden in the WHO Region for the Eastern Mediterranean. In this study we estimated the burden of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and influenza-associated SARI (F-SARI) in selected provinces of Islamic Republic of Iran, the trends of SARI and confirmed cases of influenza (F-SARI) over 12 months (seasonality), and the age groups most at risk. Using the electronic Iranian influenza surveillance system and data of cases in sentinel hospitals of 3 selected provinces, we estimated the monthly trend (seasonality) of incidence for SARI and F-SARI, overall incidence of SARI and F-SARI and their disaggregation by age with the aid using the Monte Carlo technique. The age groups most at-risk were children aged under 2 years and adults older than 50 years. ‫و‬

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Estimation of influenza and severe acute respiratory illness incidence (burden) in three provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2012 and 2013

Gouya¹,

Rezaei²,

Haghdoost³

et al. 2016

East Mediterr Health J

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“…( 1 - 4 ) The burden of influenza in the tropics and subtropics is not well understood, although growing evidence suggests that it is comparable to that of temperate regions. ( 3 - 7 ) Furthermore, while yearly variations may occur, seasonality also appears to exist in most tropical and subtropical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing seasonal and alert influenza thresholds in Cambodia using the WHO method: implications for effective utilization of influenza surveillance in the tropics and subtropics

Arashiro

Ieng

et al. 2017

WPSAR

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ObjectiveTo establish seasonal and alert thresholds and transmission intensity categories for influenza to provide timely triggers for preventive measures or upscaling control measures in Cambodia.MethodsUsing Cambodia’s influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed influenza surveillance data from 2009 to 2015, three parameters were assessed to monitor influenza activity: the proportion of ILI patients among all outpatients, proportion of ILI samples positive for influenza and the product of the two. With these parameters, four threshold levels (seasonal, moderate, high and alert) were established and transmission intensity was categorized based on a World Health Organization alignment method. Parameters were compared against their respective thresholds.ResultsDistinct seasonality was observed using the two parameters that incorporated laboratory data. Thresholds established using the composite parameter, combining syndromic and laboratory data, had the least number of false alarms in declaring season onset and were most useful in monitoring intensity. Unlike in temperate regions, the syndromic parameter was less useful in monitoring influenza activity or for setting thresholds.ConclusionInfluenza thresholds based on appropriate parameters have the potential to provide timely triggers for public health measures in a tropical country where monitoring and assessing influenza activity has been challenging. Based on these findings, the Ministry of Health plans to raise general awareness regarding influenza among the medical community and the general public. Our findings have important implications for countries in the tropics/subtropics and in resource-limited settings, and categorized transmission intensity can be used to assess severity of potential pandemic influenza as well as seasonal influenza.

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“…Each year, approximately 40,880–160,270 persons die as a result of influenza‐associated illness in the Americas . Well‐timed influenza vaccines can lessen those effects .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of influenza epidemics and vaccines in the American tropics, 2002–2008, 2011–2014

Durand

Cheng

Palekar

et al. 2016

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundInfluenza‐associated illness results in increased morbidity and mortality in the Americas. These effects can be mitigated with an appropriately chosen and timed influenza vaccination campaign. To provide guidance in choosing the most suitable vaccine formulation and timing of administration, it is necessary to understand the timing of influenza seasonal epidemics.ObjectivesOur main objective was to determine whether influenza occurs in seasonal patterns in the American tropics and when these patterns occurred.MethodsPublicly available, monthly seasonal influenza data from the Pan American Health Organization and WHO, from countries in the American tropics, were obtained during 2002–2008 and 2011–2014 (excluding unseasonal pandemic activity during 2009–2010). For each country, we calculated the monthly proportion of samples that tested positive for influenza. We applied the monthly proportion data to a logistic regression model for each country.ResultsWe analyzed 2002–2008 and 2011–2014 influenza surveillance data from the American tropics and identified 13 (81%) of 16 countries with influenza epidemics that, on average, started during May and lasted 4 months.ConclusionsThe majority of countries in the American tropics have seasonal epidemics that start in May. Officials in these countries should consider the impact of vaccinating persons during April with the Southern Hemisphere formulation.

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Burden of influenza‐associated deaths in the Americas, 2002–2008

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Estimation of influenza and severe acute respiratory illness incidence (burden) in three provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2012 and 2013

Estimation of influenza and severe acute respiratory illness incidence (burden) in three provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2012 and 2013

Establishing seasonal and alert influenza thresholds in Cambodia using the WHO method: implications for effective utilization of influenza surveillance in the tropics and subtropics

Timing of influenza epidemics and vaccines in the American tropics, 2002–2008, 2011–2014

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