Burden of human scabies in sub‐Saharan African prisons: Evidence from the west region of Cameroon

Kouotou, Emmanuel Armand; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Sangaré, A.; Bogne, Léonnelle-Lynda Moguieu; Sieleunou, Isidore; Adégbidi, H.; Tatsa, Joël Tameyi; Somo, R. Moyou

doi:10.1111/ajd.12540

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similarly, in Northern Ethiopia (Tigray) [23], the risk of getting scabies was five times more in individuals having poor personal hygiene particularly poor hand washing practices. In contrast, different studies indicated that the prevalence of scabies was not influenced by personal hygiene [26, 27]. Experimental findings also showed that viability and number of Sarcoptes scabiei was not reduced by hand washing or rubbing hands with alcohol [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scabies outbreak investigation and risk factors in Kechabira district, Southern Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

Wochebo¹,

Haji

Asnake

2019

BMC Res Notes

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Objective Scabies is an infection of the skin, which caused by human itch mite Sarcoptes scabiei . It is a common health problem in Ethiopia, especially during disasters, poor sanitation and overcrowded living condition. However, investigation on scabies outbreak and associated factors was absent or scarce in the country in general and in the study area in particular. Hence, this study was intended to investigate scabies outbreak, identify risk factors, and recommend preventive measures in Kechabira district, Kembata Tembaro zone, Southern Ethiopia. Result We identified a total of 243 scabies cases line listed with overall prevalence of 2.5% and attack rate of (AR) 20.5 per 1000 populations and no death was reported. Of the suspected cases 126 (51.9%) were males and 117 (48.1%) were females. The median age was 24 years with inter-quartile range (IQR) of 22 years. The highest cases were seen in children aged 5–14 (50.6%) years. The cases were seen in three villages and the highest incidence was in Burchana, 23.9 per 1000 population. Identified determinant factors for scabies outbreak were sharing clothes with scabies patients (AOR = 6.08, 95% CI [1.54–23.92], and households having greater than six family members AOR = 38.755, 95% CI [8.084–185.787]. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4317-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scabies outbreak investigation and risk factors in Kechabira district, Southern Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

Wochebo¹,

Haji

Asnake

2019

BMC Res Notes

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“…Although less common, contact with infested fomites including clothing, bedding and towels have been thought to play a role [5,7]. Outbreaks of scabies have occurred during wars, refugees/migration crisis [8] and in situations of overcrowding such as in schools [9][10][11], prisons and care homes [12]. Scabies has been reported to be associated with household size, low socioeconomic status and poor access to healthcare [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scabies outbreak in the North East Region of Ghana: The necessity for prompt intervention

et al. 2020

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Background There is a dearth of data on scabies from Ghana. In September 2019, local health authorities in the East Mamprusi district of northern Ghana received reports of scabies from many parts of the district. Due to on-going reports of more cases, an assessment team visited the communities to assess the effect of the earlier individual treatment on the outbreak. The assessment team furthermore aimed to contribute to the data on scabies burden in Ghana and to demonstrate the use of the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) diagnostic tool in a field survey in a resource limited setting. Methodology/Principal findings This was a cross sectional study. Demographic information and medical history was collected on all participants using a REDCap questionnaire. A standardised skin examination of exposed regions of the body was performed on all participants. Scabies was diagnosed based on the criteria of the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS). Participants were mostly female (61.5%) and had a median age of 18.8 years (IQR 13–25). Two hundred out of 283 (71%) of participants had scabies with most (47%) presenting with moderate disease. Impetigo was found in 22% of participants with scabies and 10.8% of those without scabies [RR 2.27 (95% CI 1.21–4.27)]. 119 participants who received scabies treatment in the past months still had clinical evidence of the disease. 97% of participants reported a recent scabies contact. Scabies was commoner in participants ≤16 years compared to those >16 years [RR 3.06 (95% CI 1.73–5.45)]. Conclusion/Significance The prevalence of scabies was extremely high. The lack of a systematic approach to scabies treatment led to recurrence and ongoing community spread. The IACS criteria was useful in this outbreak assessment in Ghana. Alternative strategies such as Mass drug administration may be required to contain outbreaks early in such settings.

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“…The figures observed here exceed the ones seen in the prison of Salto del Negro, in Gran Canaria, which have not been reported in the scientific literature 8 . Figures alarming as these have only been described in African prisons 26 . One of our current hypotheses is that there are one or more temporary residences that are infected, which are successively occupied by young marginalised homeless persons who are sexually promiscuous and do not have hygienic habits, who have ended up in prison for theft and drug dealing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Se superan las cifras observadas en la prisión de Salto del Negro, en Gran Canaria, no reportadas en la prensa científica 8 . Cifras más alarmantes solo se han descrito en prisiones africanas 26 . Una de las hipótesis que contemplamos es la existencia de una o varias viviendas de tránsito infestadas, ocupadas sucesivamente por jóvenes marginales sin techo y sin hábitos higiénicos, con promiscuidad sexual, que acaban en prisión por delitos de robo y tráfico de drogas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Intervention protocol to improve scabies control in enclosed communities: a case report

Campillo¹,

Lleopart²,

ChQR³

et al. 2021

Rev Esp Sanid Penit

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Objectives: To describe patients with scabies in a prison setting. Document what type of treatment was carried out. Prepare an intervention protocol to improve scabies control in the Penitentiary Center. Material and method: All cases of scabies diagnosed in the Youth Detention Centre (La Roca del Vallès, Barcelona) between November 2018 and November 2019 were recorded. The treatment used was recorded. Bibliographical research on the protocols and treatment guidelines was carried out for community-acquired scabies. Results: The study was performed with 762 inmates, of whom 61 patients were diagnosed with scabies. 39 patients’ pathologies were detected at the time of admission to the center, 11 cases were diagnosed in the first 6 weeks after entering the prison, coinciding with the incubation period of the disease. Finally, 11 more were diagnosed when they had already been in prison for more than 6 weeks and therefore could be infected cases within the center. This parasitosis was detected mainly in inmates of North African origin, 14.7% of Algerian inmates and 14.2% of Moroccan inmates presented this pathology, compared to 1.6% among Spanish prisoners. All 61 patients were treated with permethrin and 8 cases had to repeat the treatment cycle due to apparent therapeutic failure. Research literature indicates that oral ivermectin should be the drug of first choice for the treatment of scabies in prison. Discussion: The high incidence of scabies cases detected in prison led us to carry out a bibliographic review that brought about changes in the treatment protocol that may be of interest for the control of the disease in closed communities.

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Burden of human scabies in sub‐Saharan African prisons: Evidence from the west region of Cameroon

Abstract: Almost one-third of prisoners suffered from scabies in our prisons. A low educational level, the sharing of clothes/bedding and number of detainees/cell > 10 were independent determinants of the disease. Urgent measures must be undertaken to reduce the burden of scabies in our prisons.

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Scabies outbreak investigation and risk factors in Kechabira district, Southern Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

Scabies outbreak investigation and risk factors in Kechabira district, Southern Ethiopia: unmatched case control study

A scabies outbreak in the North East Region of Ghana: The necessity for prompt intervention

Intervention protocol to improve scabies control in enclosed communities: a case report

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