Burden and Timing of First and Subsequent Skeletal Related Events (SRES) in United States Elderly Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer (MPC)

Abstract

postmenopausal women attending a clinic in Western New York, to undergo mammographic assessment. Eligible participants included women without cancer, no recent use of hormone-replacement therapy, and no history of breast augmentation or breast reduction surgery. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographics, anthropometry, and breast cancer risk factors. Percent density (PD) was measured using computer-assisted assessment of mammographic films. General linear models were used to test for differences in PD by smoking variables while adjusting for selected covariates (age, body mass index, age at first live birth, age at menopause, use of hormone therapy, level of education, and family history of breast cancer). Results: Study participants (n= 229) included 125 never-smokers, 87 former smokers, and 17 current smokers. Current smokers had a lower mean percent density (SE) compared to non-current smokers and former smokers (29.6 (5.1) vs. 34.8 (3.9) and 37.5 (4.1) p= 0.09). Among ever smokers, age at smoking initiation was inversely associated with percent density (P= 0.002). No significant associations were observed for the other smoking variables. ConClusions: Younger age at smoking initiation is associated with higher PD while current smoking is associated with lower PD. These findings suggest that smoking may have differential effects on risk of postmenopausal breast cancer depending on the timing of exposure.objeCtives: Tobacco contains numerous carcinogens, including several known to cause mammary tumors in animal models. Our study aimed to investigate whether mammographic density (MD), a recognized risk factor associated with breast cancer, is influenced by smoking history. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of

Prevalence of bone metastases and bone-targeting agent use among solid tumor patients in the United States

“… 4 Additionally, once a patient experiences a first SRE, the likelihood of experiencing a second SRE is greatly increased. 5 …”

Pain and analgesic use associated with skeletal-related events in patients with advanced cancer and bone metastases

“…Among patients who experienced at least one SRE, 63 % of those with prostate cancer [ 41 ] and 69 % of those with breast cancer [ 42 ] developed subsequent SREs. In our population, a greater proportion of patients experienced an on-study SRE if they had experienced a previous SRE, compared with patients who did not have a previous SRE (40.3 vs 31.2 %).…”