“…Nevertheless, the age by which complete ossification of the sacrococcygeal membrane should be expected is not indicated in the literature, and no pharmacokinetic data are available on epidural administration of ropivacaine to children in the 30−50 kg range. Documented uses of caudal blockade in adolescents and adults include obstetric , surgical , and pain treatment . Yet the reported success rates have been low, possibly due to an impaired palpation of the sacral cornua and ossification of the sacrococcygeal membrane.…”