Buoyancy materials of aluminium borosilicate glass for high temperature resistance

Zheng, Bin; Zhuang, Mengmeng; Guo, An Ran; Wang, M. C.; Ren, Shangjie; Geng, Haitao; Liu, J. C.

doi:10.1179/1432891715z.0000000001515

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…where α is conversion degree, G(α) is the integral form of kinetic mechanism function, A is the pre-exponential factor, E a is the apparent activation energy, R is the universal gas constant, β is the heating rates and T is the temperature at different conversion degrees. The 40 kinds of integral forms of the kinetic mechanism function [40], which are commonly used, should be brought into Equation (3). The most probable mechanism function is the value of correlation coefficient value, which is the closest to 1 of lgG(α)-1/T fitting liners [39] through Equation (3) by the Šatava-Šesták method.…”

Section: Curing Behaviors and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are extremely rich resources, including oil, gas, and minerals, which are stored in deep-sea. Therefore, deep-sea resource exploitation has become a global trend [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] that cannot function without the support of equipment such as deep submersibles. At present, submersibles generally adopt unpowered floating technology, so buoyancy materials with high-strength and low-density are required to provide part of the net buoyancy [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tetrafunctional Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Materials: Curing Kinetics and Properties

Zou

et al. 2020

Polymers

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In order to synthesize a new kind of buoyancy material with high-strength, low-density and low-water-absorption and to study the curing reaction of tetraglycidylamine epoxy resin with an aromatic amine curing agent, the non-isothermal differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method is used to calculate the curing kinetics parameters of N,N,N′,N′-tetraepoxypropyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane epoxy resin (AG-80) and the m-xylylenediamine (m-XDA) curing process. Further, buoyancy materials with different volume fractions of hollow glass microsphere (HGM) compounded with a AG-80 epoxy resin matrix were prepared and characterized. The curing kinetics calculation results show that, for the curing reaction of the AG-80/m-XDA system, the apparent activation energy increases with the conversion rates increasing and the reaction model is the Jander equation (three-dimensional diffusion, 3D, n = 1/2). The experimental results show that the density, compressive strength, saturated water absorption and water absorption rate of the composite with 55 v % HGM are 0.668 g·cm−3, 107.07 MPa, 0.17% and 0.025 h−1/2, respectively. This kind of composite can probably be used as a deep-sea buoyancy material.

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Section: Curing Behaviors and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetrafunctional Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Materials: Curing Kinetics and Properties

Zou

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…The mass drainage ratio of the ceramic hollow float was determined to be 0.467 g/cm 3 , with a corresponding buoyancy coefficient of 53.36%. These values were then compared with those of the conventional ceramic float, which typically has a mass-to-drainage ratio of 0.72 g/cm 3 [28,29]; the ceramic float prepared through this process demonstrates a significantly enhanced buoyancy capability (Table 1).…”

Section: Mass-to-water Displacement Ratio and Buoyancy Measurement Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Ceramic Hollow Buoyant Balls Prepared Based on Slip Mold Casting and Brazing Process

Lei,

Zhou,

Liu

et al. 2024

Coatings

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In the domain of deep-sea buoyancy material applications, hollow ceramic spheres, known for their high strength and low mass-to-drainage ratio, contribute to increased buoyancy and payload capacity enhancement for deep submersibles, constituting buoyancy materials of exceptional overall performance. This study entails the brazing of two ceramic hemispherical shells, obtained through slurry molding, to form a ceramic float. This process, which integrates slurry molding and ceramic brazing, facilitates buoyancy provision. Further refinement involves welding a ceramic connector onto the ceramic shell, incorporating a top opening to create a ceramic float equipped with an observation window seat. The ceramic float maintains uniform wall thickness, while the observation window facilitates external environmental observation in deep-sea research. Two pressure-resistant spherical shells, produced using this process, underwent testing, revealing the wall thickness of the prepared alumina ceramic hollow spheres to be 1.00 mm, with a mass-to-drainage ratio of 0.47 g/cm3 and a buoyancy coefficient of 53%. The resultant ceramic hollow floating ball can withstand hydrostatic pressure of 120 MPa, while the pressure-resistant ball shell with an observation window seat can endure hydrostatic pressure of 100 MPa, ensuring safe operation at depths of 5000–6000 m. This process provides a production method for subsequent large-scale ceramic float manufacturing for the transportation of objects or personnel.

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“…High-strength buoyancy materials are widely used in civil, commercial, and military applications, such as counterweights in water equipment, zero buoyancy tows, and unmanned remote diving. Buoyancy material is essentially a type of low-density, high-strength, and low-water-absorbing composite material, which commonly consists of resin matrix and filler material [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Since epoxy resin has excellent mechanical properties, high adhesiveness to many substrates, and low water absorption, currently it is intensively used as the resin matrix of buoyancy materials [8,9,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curing and Characteristics of N,N,N′,N′-Tetraepoxypropyl-4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethane Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Material

Guo

et al. 2019

Polymers

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Buoyancy material is a type of low-density and high-strength composite material which can provide sufficient buoyancy with deep submersibles. A new buoyancy material with N,N,N′,N′-tetraepoxypropyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane epoxy resin (AG-80) and m-xylylenediamine (m-XDA) curing agent as matrix and hollow glass microsphere (HGM) as the filler is prepared. The temperature and time of the curing process were determined by the calculations of thermal analysis kinetics (TAK) through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results show that the better mass ratio of AG-80 with m-XDA is 100/26. Combined TAK calculations and experimental results lead to the following curing process: pre-curing at 75 °C for 2 h, curing at 90 °C for 2 h, and post-curing at 100 °C for 2 h. The bulk density, compressive strength, and saturated water absorption of AG-80 epoxy resin-based buoyancy material were 0.729 g/cm3, 108.78 MPa, and 1.23%, respectively. Moreover, this type of buoyancy material can resist the temperature of 250 °C.

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Buoyancy materials of aluminium borosilicate glass for high temperature resistance

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Tetrafunctional Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Materials: Curing Kinetics and Properties

Tetrafunctional Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Materials: Curing Kinetics and Properties

Study of Ceramic Hollow Buoyant Balls Prepared Based on Slip Mold Casting and Brazing Process

Curing and Characteristics of N,N,N′,N′-Tetraepoxypropyl-4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethane Epoxy Resin-Based Buoyancy Material

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