Buoyancy force and Arrhenius energy impacts on Buongiorno electromagnetic nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganism

Abstract

In this study, an incompressible, steady, and magnetohydrodynamic flow of Buongiorno nanofluid through a stretchable surface has been analyzed by adopting a theoretical and numerical approach. This paper involves the impacts of buoyancy forces, thermal conductivity, chemically diffusion, and Arrhenius activation energy. Moreover, the influence of the suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms in the nanofluids is also a part of this study. It is assumed that the behavior of viscosity varies as a function of time and the suspension of microorganisms remain consistent throughout the study. A system of PDEs is reduced to a solvable system of ODEs by applying a suitable similarity transformation. For the sake of numerical solutions, the shooting method has been employed. Wolfram Mathematica has been used to deal with the BVP. In addition, the behaviors of different emerging parameters comprising velocity outline, temperature outline, concentration distribution, the density outline of gyrotactic microorganisms have also been demonstrated by graphical illustrations. From the extracted results, it has been observed that the rising values of viscosity of fluid produce a decline in the velocity parameter. Also, an increment has been noticed in the temperature profile for the growing behavior of the mixed convective factor.

Influence of melting heat transfer and chemical reaction on the flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid with Brownian motion: Advancement in mechanical engineering

“…So we use a numerical technique, that is, a shooting technique in MATLAB using the built-in command bvp4c. To solve the system of ODEs ( 8) to (10) with boundary conditions ( 11) and ( 12) using the shooting method, we have to first convert these systems of equations into a system of first-order differential equations. Numerical calculations are achieved by using the MATLAB algorithm in the above ODEs, which can also be seen through the flowchart (see Figure 2) as follows.…”

“…2,3 Khan et al 4 investigated the influence of heat transfer on second-grade fluid due to a porous stretched sheet. The impact of thermal radiation and Brownian motion over second-grade fluid through a stretched sheet with mass and heat transfer was discovered by Khan et al, 5–7 Safdar et al, 8 Jawad et al, 9 Safdar et al, 10 and Jawad et al 11…”

“…2,3 Khan et al 4 investigated the influence of heat transfer on second-grade fluid due to a porous stretched sheet. The impact of thermal radiation and Brownian motion over second-grade fluid through a stretched sheet with mass and heat transfer was discovered by Khan et al, [5][6][7] Safdar et al, 8 Jawad et al, 9 Safdar et al, 10 and Jawad et al 11 Nanofluids have recently attracted much interest from researchers due to their improved thermal characteristics. Nanofluids have been offered to enhance the efficacy of heat transfer liquids that are currently unavailable, such as water, toluene, oil, and an ethylene-glycol combination.…”

Bioconvection Maxwell nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder influenced by chemically reactive activation energy surrounded by a permeable medium

“…Shahzad et al [5] explored the electro magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) nanoliquid flow past an extending sheet with the influence of microorganisms and have concluded that thermal flow has augmented with the growth in the thermal Biot number. Safdar et al [6] discussed the EMHD nanofluid flow past an extending sheet subjected to microorganisms and effects of Arrhenius activation energy and have claimed that thermal profiles have augmented with growth in the values of the mixed convective factor. Abdelmalek et al [7] mathematically established a model for the bioconvective flow of nanoliquids past a revolving cylinder.…”

Comparative dynamics of mixed convection heat transfer under thermal radiation effect with porous medium flow over dual stretched surface

“…They discovered that migration of micro-organisms declines with increment in bio convection and Peclet number. Similarly, numerous researchers 38 – 41 have explored different NF's flow over stretchable surfaces considering diverse assumptions. Tang et al 42 presented a computational study on magnetized gold-blood NF flow and heat transmission.…”