Bunk space requirements for growing beef cattle limit-fed a high-energy corn and corn co-product diet

Duncan, Z. M.; DeBord, Z L; Pflughoeft, M G; Suhr, K J; Hollenbeck, W. R.; Tarpoff, A. J.; Olson, K. C.; Blasi, Dale A.

doi:10.1093/tas/txac096

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…It is recommended when cattle of 360 to 545 kg are fed twice daily, that 27.9 to 33.0 cm of linear bunk space is provided ( FASS, 2020 ). Bunk space allotments of 24.3 to 63.5 cm of linear bunk space per animal were recommended when DMI was restricted ( Duncan et al, 2022 ). Allotments of 15 to 45 cm bunk space per animal did not negatively influence growth performance measures in steers that were limit-fed during the receiving phase ( Zinn, 1989 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manger space restriction does not negatively impact growth efficiency of feedlot heifers program fed a concentrate-based diet to gain 1.36 kg daily

Gubbels

Rusche

Smith

2023

Translational Animal Science

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The objective of this research was to determine the influence manger space restriction had on program-fed feedlot heifers during the growing phase. Charolais × Angus heifers [initial body weight (BW) = 329 ± 22.1 kg] were used in a 109-d backgrounding study. Heifers were received approximately 60 d prior to study initiation. Initial processing (53 d before study initiation) included individual BW, application of an identification tag, vaccination against viral respiratory pathogens and clostridial species, and administration of doramectin pour-on for control of internal and external parasites. All heifers were administered 36 mg of zeranol at study initiation and were assigned to 1 of 10 pens (n = 5 pens/treatment with 10 heifers/pen) in a randomized complete block design (blocked by location). Each pen was randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 20.3 cm (8IN) or 40.6 cm (16IN) of linear bunk space/heifer. Heifers were individually weighed on d 1, 14, 35, 63, 84 and 109. Heifers were programmed to gain 1.36 kg daily based on predictive equations set forth by the California Net Energy System. To calculate predictive values, a final BW of 575 kg was assumed to be the mature BW of the heifers and tabular net energy values of 2.05 NEm and 1.36 NEg from d 1 to 22, 2.00 NEm and 1.35 NEg from d 23 to 82, and 1.97 NEm and 1.32 NEg from d 83 to 109 were used. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4 with manger space allocation as the fixed effect and block as the random effect. No differences (P > 0.35) were observed between 8IN or 16IN heifers for initial BW, final BW, average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed efficiency, variation in daily weight gain within each pen or applied energetic measures. No differences (P > 0.50) were observed between treatments for morbidity. Although not statistically analyzed, 8IN heifers appeared to have looser stools during the first two weeks compared to the 16IN heifers. These data suggest restricting manger space allocation from 40.6 cm to 20.3 cm did not negatively influence gain efficiency or the efficiency of dietary net energy utilization in heifers programmed fed a concentrate-based diet to gain 1.36 kg daily. The use of tabular net energy values and required net energy of maintenance and retained energy equations are an effective means to program cattle to a desired rate of daily gain during the growing phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manger space restriction does not negatively impact growth efficiency of feedlot heifers program fed a concentrate-based diet to gain 1.36 kg daily

Gubbels

Rusche

Smith

2023

Translational Animal Science

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Effect of wheat middling incorporation into wet corn distillers grains with solubles on apparent diet digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in growing and finishing diets

Duncan,

DeBord,

Pflughoeft

et al. 2024

Translational Animal Science

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Two separate cross-over experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of incorporating wheat middlings into wet corn distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) on apparent diet digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in growing and finishing diets. In Exp. 1, 4 ruminally-cannulated heifers (313 ± 42.9 kg) were limit fed a high-energy growing diet that included WDGS (CON) or WDGS + wheat middlings (CON+WM) at 40% of diet dry matter (DM). The diet also contained (DM basis) 39.5% dry-rolled corn, 7.5% supplement, and 13% warm-season grass hay. In Exp. 2, 4 ruminally-cannulated Holstein steers (321 ± 17.4 kg) were fed a finishing diet that included WDGS (CON) or WDGS + wheat middlings (CON+WM) at 30% of diet DM. The diet also contained (DM basis) 60.3% dry-rolled corn, 2.7% supplement, and 7.0% warm-season grass hay. Experiments consisted of two 15-d periods that were conducted concurrently. Each period included 10 d of diet adaptation, 4 d of fecal collection, and 1 d of ruminal fluid collection. Fecal samples were collected on d 11 to d 14 of each period and composite samples were analyzed for chromium to estimate apparent diet digestibility. On d 15, ruminal fluid samples were collected prior to feeding and again at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, and 24-h post-feeding. In Exp. 1, DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake did not differ (P ≥ 0.11) between diets; however, starch intake was greater (P = 0.03) for heifers fed CON+WM compared with CON. Apparent DM, OM, NDF, and starch digestibilities were similar between diets (P ≥ 0.13), but feeding CON+WM tended to lead to lesser (P = 0.06) apparent ADF digestibility. Ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acid concentrations did not differ between diets (P ≥ 0.16); however, ruminal ammonia concentrations tended to be less (P = 0.09) for CON+WM compared with CON. In Exp. 2, DM intake did not differ (P = 0.65) between diets. Apparent DM digestibility was greater (P = 0.01) for CON+WM compared with CON but the difference was small. Intake and apparent digestibility of OM, NDF, ADF, and starch did not differ (P ≥ 0.25) between diets. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were lesser (P = 0.03) while ruminal pH was greater (P = 0.02) for CON+WM compared with CON. Overall, incorporation of wheat middlings into WDGS had minimal impacts on feed intake, apparent diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics when fed to growing and finishing cattle.

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Bunk space requirements for growing beef cattle limit-fed a high-energy corn and corn co-product diet

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Manger space restriction does not negatively impact growth efficiency of feedlot heifers program fed a concentrate-based diet to gain 1.36 kg daily

Manger space restriction does not negatively impact growth efficiency of feedlot heifers program fed a concentrate-based diet to gain 1.36 kg daily

Effect of wheat middling incorporation into wet corn distillers grains with solubles on apparent diet digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in growing and finishing diets

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