Bundling of ecosystem services to increase forestland value and enhance sustainable forest management

Deal, Robert L.; Cochran, B.J.; LaRocco, Gina L.

doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2011.12.007

Cited by 139 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The efficiency of grassland conversion within the watershed accordingly depends on the bundle of ecosystem services at issue (52). Our results suggest that the value of sequestered carbon and timber may dominate the value of water regulation in much of the watershed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Bundling ecosystem services in the Panama Canal watershed

Simonit

Perrings

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Land cover change in watersheds affects the supply of a number of ecosystem services, including water supply, the production of timber and nontimber forest products, the provision of habitat for forest species, and climate regulation through carbon sequestration. The Panama Canal watershed is currently being reforested to protect the dry-season flows needed for Canal operations. Whether reforestation of the watershed is desirable depends on its impacts on all services. We develop a spatially explicit model to evaluate the implications of reforestation both for water flows and for other services. We find that reforestation does not necessarily increase water supply, but does increase carbon sequestration and timber production.here is considerable evidence that land cover change in watersheds affects mean water flows (1-3), extreme flows (4, 5), and water quality (6). In so doing it also impacts a range of other ecosystem services, including timber production, habitat provision, and macroclimatic regulation through carbon sequestration (7-9). In all cases the precise effect of land cover change depends on local environmental conditions and land use. In this paper we consider the effect of the planned reforestation of the Panama Canal watershed on the bundle of ecosystem services it delivers. The reforestation plan is a reaction to the fact that forest cover has declined by over 40% since 1974 (10). At present 55% (1,598 km 2 ) of the Panama Canal watershed is under forest (Fig. 1). Two-thirds of the forested watershed lies in protected areasmost established since 1980. Vegetation in the remaining areas comprises grassland (29%), shrubland (10%), commercial tree plantations (2%), and urban areas (3%). Agriculture accounts for less than 1% of the watershed area. Reforestation is the centerpiece of a 1997 regional land-use plan within the framework of Law 21. The plan aims to achieve a 94% reduction in land under pasture in the watershed by 2025 (11), and is supported by a series of forestry-incentive laws (12). It is expected to yield a number of benefits, the most important of which is an increase in the water flows needed to operate the Panama Canal in the dry season. Because the current expansion of the Canal (expected to be completed in 2014) will substantially increase demands from the watershed, the effect of reforestation on dry-season flows is of some importance. To evaluate the impact of reforestation on water flows and other ecosystem services, we constructed a spatially explicit model of ecosystem service flows (summarized in the final section and described in detail in SI Text). We then used this model to project the impact of changes in forest cover on dry-season water flows, timber production, and carbon sequestration across the watershed and to test the efficiency of alternative patterns of reforestation.We first considered the impact of forest cover change on mean wet-and dry-season water supply. This depends on the balance between runoff, infiltration, and evapotranspiration. If infiltration gains ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Bundling ecosystem services in the Panama Canal watershed

Simonit

Perrings

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Thus, current economic opportunities for communities linked to federal forest management in the Sierra Nevada are most likely to be in the forest restoration sector, in recreation and tourism, in infrastructure maintenance and improvement (facilities, roads, trails), and from the production of timber, biomass, nontimber forest products, and livestock, as addressed in chapter 9.5. Payment programs and emerging markets for ecosystem services from federal lands (carbon, water quality, fish and wildlife habitat) could potentially yield payments to outside organizations that would use these payments to fund needed restoration activities on national forests (Deal et al 2012). However, these programs are still under development and do not yet constitute a source of jobs for forest community residents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science synthesis to support socioecological resilience in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Range

Long¹,

Quinn‐Davidson²,

Skinner³

2014

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“…Externalities are defined as effects occurring every time that an economic activity of production or consumption affects utility levels of producers or consumers, whose effects are not evaluated or compensated (Dasgupta and Pearce, 1975). Externalities are positive if generated effects increase utility, while they are negative in the opposite case.…”

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies (Deal et al, 2012;Pettenella, 2011;Pirard et al, 2010) have analyzed the possibility of adopting new tools based on the creation of markets for specific goods or forestry services, in order to stimulate the offer, the socalled payment for environmental services.…”

Section: Ajesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Payment for Environmental Services for the Sustainable Development of the Territory

Trapani¹,

Squatrito²,

Foderà³

et al. 2014

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Over the last years the interest in environmental services provided by forests has considerably grow. This situation, in developed countries, derive from rising demand of new goods and services tied to landscape use and leisure activities. These can be considered such as no woody products and they represent externalities produced by forest that, if suitably utilized, could produce value for the area and earnings for people living near forests. From an economic point of view, at the aim of providing these services, it is necessary the introduction of a suitable payment system or, in alternative, a situation in which positive externalities of landscape, in sync with other goods/services, are offered to consumers. In this context, forest conservation and management assume a very important role, especially when public administration allocates decreasing funds to environment resources. In this paper it has been analyzed how positive externalities provided from forest, by means of an appropriate payment system and considering the integration with surrounding area, can contribute to the value creation.

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Bundling of ecosystem services to increase forestland value and enhance sustainable forest management

Cited by 139 publications

References 37 publications

Bundling ecosystem services in the Panama Canal watershed

Bundling ecosystem services in the Panama Canal watershed

Science synthesis to support socioecological resilience in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Range

Payment for Environmental Services for the Sustainable Development of the Territory

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