Bullying, Depression, and Suicidality in Adolescents

Klomek, Anat Brunstein; Marrocco, Frank; Kleinman, Marjorie; Schonfeld, Irvin Sam; Gould, Madelyn S.

doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000242237.84925.18

Cited by 792 publications

(417 citation statements)

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“…This adds depth to the previous literature that supports a connection between bullying, suicide, and depression. 1,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] Victims have significantly lower academic achievement in school than bystanders using an objective measure of achievement. 4 Whether the lower academic achievement among victims preceded or was a consequence of being a victim cannot be determined from this cross-sectional study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying and School Safety

Glew¹,

Fan²,

Katon³

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

139

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Objective-To identify an association between involvement in bullying and problems in school.Study design-This was a cross-sectional study of 5391 students in grades 7, 9, and 11 in an urban public school district. The main outcome measure was involvement in bullying. Secondary outcomes included attendance, grade point average, psychosocial distress, and perceived acceptability of carrying guns to school.Results-Of the 5391 children surveyed, 26% were involved in bullying either as victim, bully, or both (bully-victim). All 3 groups were significantly more likely than bystanders to feel unsafe at school and sad most days. Victims and bully-victims were more likely to say they are "no good." Victims were more likely to feel that they "do not belong" in their school. The odds of being a victim (vs a bystander) were 10% lower for every 1 point increase in grade point average. Bully-victims were more likely to say that it is "not wrong" to take a gun to school.Conclusions-Associations between involvement in bullying and academic achievement, psychological distress, and the belief that it is not wrong to take a gun to school reinforce the notion that school environment is interrelated with mental health and school success.Bullying is defined as any repeated negative activity or aggression intended to harm or bother someone who is perceived by peers as being less physically or psychologically powerful than the aggressor. 1 Of particular concern is that bullying may have an adverse impact on victims' scholastic achievement, desire to attend school, and psychological health. 2 In 2000, Nansel et al 3 found a prevalence of bullying involvement (as bully, victim, or both [bully-victim]) among American teens and preteens of approximately 30%. But although this study found a significant association between bullying involvement and lower self-reported academic achievement, it did not use objective measures of academic achievement. Two other studies found a relationship between victim status and lower grade point averages. 4,5 Results from studies of other age groups in other countries vary. [6][7][8] Between 1994 and 1999, 220 school-associated violent deaths occurred in the United States, of which 172 were committed by students. Analysis revealed that the offending students were 2.6 times more likely to have been bullied than their victims. 9 One US national study reported that during 1 month in 2001, 2.7 million students carried a weapon to school. In that study, carrying weapons was associated both with being a bully and with being a victim 19,20 Variations in culture, school variables, or socioeconomic factors may account for these differences. [19][20][21] The present study arose from an offer by a US urban school district to allow the authors to analyze the results of a survey designed to assess and improve the school climate. The goal was to characterize bullies, victims, and bully-victims as completely as possible given the available information. We identified the opportunity to answer the following specific...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying and School Safety

Glew¹,

Fan²,

Katon³

et al. 2008

The Journal of Pediatrics

139

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“…22 It is also little identifi ed and treated at this stage, 19 which may lead to harmful consequences, including suicide. 5 Adolescents who are afraid to go to school reported less feeling of discrimination than their peers, when the opposite would be expected. This may be associated with the fact that they witness feelings of discrimination or other types of violence, involving schoolmates, teachers or other employees.…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Despite its relevance, studies on this problem among students are scarce. The majority of studies on this theme focused on the general population, mentioning discrimination associated with ethnicity/skin color, 13 sexual behavior, obesity 10 and suicidal ideation, 5 people with HIV/AIDS a and the female sex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentimento de discriminação em estudantes: prevalência e fatores associados

et al. 2009

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OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with feelings of discrimination among students. METHODS:Cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1,170 students from a total of 2,282 students enrolled in the 7th grade of an elementary school of the city of Gravataí, Southern Brazil, in 2005. Participants were selected by conglomerate random sampling. Data were obtained from selfapplied instruments (Global School-based Student Health Survey, Body Shape Questionnaire, socioeconomic classifi cation) that were completed in the classroom. Cox regression, modifi ed for cross-sectional studies, was employed, according to a four-stage hierarchical model. RESULTS:Prevalence of feelings of discrimination was 21.0%. These feelings were more prevalent among: girls (PR=1.93, 95% CI 1.51;2.46); those showing school absenteeism (PR=1.54, 95% CI 1.21;1.97); those who had used tobacco in their lives (PR=1.53, 95% CI 1.18;1.98); those concerned about their body image (PR=1.42, 95% CI 1.07;1.88); those with feelings of loneliness (PR=2.50, 95% CI 1.80;3.46) and sadness (PR=1.29, 95% CI 1.02;1.62); those with sleep diffi culties (PR:1.41, 95% CI 1.08;1.83); those with suicidal ideation (PR=1.45, 95% CI 1.13;1.85) and those who had suffered some type of accidental (PR=1.56, 95% CI 1.23;1.97) or intentional injury (PR=2.04, 95% CI 1.51;2.76). CONCLUSIONS:Feelings of discrimination were associated with sex and experience with tobacco. Its association with psychosocial factors indicates the coexistence of adverse situations, such as dissatisfaction with body image, depressive symptoms and presence of insults. These fi ndings show the importance of health professionals and teachers acting together to identify these feelings early on, and guide and follow adolescents facing such situations.

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“…Female sex has been widely shown to be a risk factor for depression [40]. Bullying has been associated with depression and suicidility [41]. Physical assault [42], sexual assault [43], smoking [44], and alcohol and drug abuse [45] have also been associated with depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%