Bulk observables in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider within the integr

Abstract

The paper is devoted to the description and prediction of various bulk observables in the Pb + Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider energy √ s NN = 5.02 TeV within the integrated hydrokinetic model (iHKM). Sensitivity of the results to the choice of the appropriate model parameter values is also investigated. It is found that changing of the relaxation time and the rate of thermalization, which characterize the prethermal stage of the matter evolution, as well as switching to another equation of state at the hydrodynamic stage and the corresponding hadronization temperature, does not destroy the results if simultaneously one provides an appropriate adjusting of the initial time for the superdense matter formation and related maximal initial energy density.

Direct Photon Production in High-Energy Heavy Ion Collisions within the Integrated Hydrokinetic Model

“…In the papers [45,46] to describe the photon production at RHIC and the LHC we utilized the same model parameters tuning which previously ensured the successful description of hadron observables at the same collision energies [5,6]. As a result of analysis carried out in [45,46] it was found that the description of direct-photon p T spectra, elliptic and triangular flow p T -dependencies, v 2 (p T ) and v 3 (p T ), can be significantly improved, for both RHIC and the LHC energies, if one includes, along with the contributions from prompt, pre-thermal and thermal (QGP and hadron gas) photon emission, an additional portion of γ radiation, corresponding to the confinement process, which can be called the "hadronization photons" (see Figure 1, demonstrating the RHIC and the LHC photon spectra calculated within the iHKM for the central events (c = 0-20%); the spectra obtained with and without accounting for the hadronization emission (HE) are shown).…”

“…The Integrated Hydrokinetic Model (iHKM) of high-energy heavy-ion collisions [1,2] repeatedly showed good results in simultaneous description/prediction of a variety of hadron bulk observables for different colliding nuclei at different relativistic energies [2][3][4][5][6][7]. These results particularly included the successful description of strange mesons (K, K * (892), φ(1020)) and strange baryons (Λ, Ω, Ξ) production, as well as kaon and pion femtoscopy.…”

Kaon and pion maximal emission times extraction from the femtoscopy analysis of $5.02 A$ TeV LHC collisions within the integrated hydrokinetic model

“…In [18] the model was tuned for the simulation of Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy 2 and 3). Thus, we have all the necessary data to apply our method and try to extract the maximal emission times.…”

“…In [18] we presented the results of our systematic study of Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy 5.02A TeV within the iHKM model concerning the most of the bulk observables, including the predictions for femtoscopy radii in the three centrality classes (c = 0 − 5%, c = 20 − 30%, and c = 40 − 50%). However, our previous study did not include the analysis of the maximal emission times for kaons and pions.…”

Inclusive spectra and Bose-Einstein correlations in small thermal quantum systems

“…The particle yields and their ratios, hadron and photon spectra, anisotropic flows v n , quantum statistical correlation functions that bring information about the chaoticity parameter and interferometry radii, and other observables in A þ A collisions are quite successfully described at the top RHIC energy and all the available LHC energies on the basis of relativistic viscous hydrodynamics-in particular, within the integrated hydrokinetic model (iHKM); see Refs. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The reason for the success of standard hydrodynamic and kinetic methods is that at the active stage of spectra formation in A þ A collisions, the thermal/ effective particle wavelengths are much smaller than the sizes of the system-more precisely, than the corresponding homogeneity lengths [16,17].…”