Bulk Nanostructured Metals and Alloys: Processing, Structure, and Thermal Stability

Nanotechnology-enhanced metals and alloys for orthopedic implants

“…Both techniques have been used for synthesizing a broad range of metals with nanosized or submicron-sized grains (or crystals), including Fe, Co, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Mg, Ta, Au, and Ag as well as alloys based on these metals [2][3][4][5]. Vapor condensation and vapor deposition (i.e., the physical vapor deposition and/or chemical vapor deposition introduced in Chapter 1) techniques are similar except the final products from vapor condensation are particulate while the vapor deposition usually yields thin films.…”

“…Both techniques have been used for synthesizing a broad range of metals with nanosized or submicron-sized grains (or crystals), including Fe, Co, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Mg, Ta, Au, and Ag as well as alloys based on these metals [2][3][4][5]. For years, metallic or alloy implants (including those with ceramic or polymeric components) have been the most common (or sometimes the only) choices for the surgical treatment of patients suffered from hip, knee, spinal, elbow fractures or other problems.…”