Bulk Energy Dissipation Mechanism for the Fracture of Tough and Self-Healing Hydrogels

Sun, Tao Lin; Luo, Feng; Hong, Wei; Cui, Kunpeng; Huang, Yiwan; Zhang, Hui Jie; King, Daniel R.; Kurokawa, Takayuki; Nakajima, Tasuku; Gong, Jian Ping

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00162

Cited by 108 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…Under compression, the RC network in RC/PAAm DN hydrogel is broken first as “sacrificial bonds” and dissipates lots of energy. However, reversible deformation mainly occurs during this process for PAAm network . So the RC/PAAm DN hydrogels are not destroyed and recover to the original shape after unloading.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust hydrogel of regenerated cellulose by chemical crosslinking coupled with polyacrylamide network

Yang

Wei

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Regenerated cellulose/polyacrylamide (RC/PAAm) double network (DN) hydrogels are composed of cellulose crosslinked by epichlorohydrin (ECH) and chemical‐crosslinked PAAm. The prepared RC/PAAm DN hydrogels present enhanced strength, good shape recovery property, excellent energy dissipation properties, decreased equilibrium water content, and low equilibrium swelling ratio (SR). The compressive strength and modulus of RC/PAAm hydrogel are about 4.3 and 11.5 times compared to that of RC hydrogel, respectively. Intriguingly, the chemical crosslinking between ECH and cellulose chains could increase the distance between cellulose chains. Consequently, the increasing molar ratio of ECH to glucose leads to larger SRs and decreased mechanical strength of the hydrogels. Additionally, higher PAAm contents lead to more densely crosslinked networks, and thus decreasing the SRs and improving the mechanical strength of the hydrogels. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47811.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust hydrogel of regenerated cellulose by chemical crosslinking coupled with polyacrylamide network

Yang

Wei

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The hydrogel network is consisted of ionic interaction which drives the self‐healing ability of the hydrogel by the interaction between trivalent aluminum ions (Al 3+ ),the other metal ions (Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ), the COO − of PAA and the oxygen of OH of PVA and agar. The self‐healing efficiency of the hydrogels strongly depends on the kind of metal ions and their mobility in voids within the PAA domains . Hydrogels with mechanical strength and better dimensional stability are prepared by adding different combinations of metal ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimetallic ions synergistic cross‐linking high‐strength rapid self‐healing antibacterial hydrogel

Wang

Feng

et al. 2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In this work, a novel PAA‐Fe3+‐Al3+ hydrogel with triple network structure (TN) was synthesized via bimetallic ions synergistic cross‐linking strategy. As‐synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared analysis, and X‐ray diffractometer. The relevant experiment results demonstrated that the hydrogel can rapidly self‐heal in ambient temperature without any external stimulus with 95% healing efficiency in 60 s. Simultaneously, the relatively rapid self‐healing of PAA‐Fe3+‐Al3+ polymer can be obtained through the coordination of metal ions with the COO− in PAA and the oxygen of agar in the TN hydrogel system. And the prepared hydrogels demonstrate excellent mechanical properties—high tensile strength (the tensile strain ≈ 1.011 mm/mm, tensile stress ≈ 0.34 MPa) and large elasticity (the elongation at break ≈ 74%). Especially, the antimicrobial activity of the novel hydrogel against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was investigated using the inhibition zone method, showing remarkable antibacterial activity. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:919–927, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Among these strategies, dynamic polymer networks based on dynamic crosslinks such as hydrophobic association, metal–ligand interactions, host–guest interactions, dynamic covalent bonds, ion–dipole interactions, hydrogen bonds, and ion bonds have attracted much attention. Compared with traditional covalent bonds, these dynamic crosslinks can effectively dissipate energy via reversible bond formation/scission or exchange reactions, resulting in highly stretchable polymeric materials. Despite this progress, the construction of dynamic polymer networks with a stretching ratio beyond 1000× remains a great challenge.…”

Section: Summary Of the Physical Properties Of The Various Pb Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superstretchable Dynamic Polymer Networks

Huan

Yang

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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stretchable polymeric materials include the use of double networks, [4][5][6] nanocomposites, [7] and dynamic polymer networks. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Among these strategies, dynamic polymer networks based on dynamic crosslinks such as hydrophobic association, [8] metal-ligand interactions, [9,10] host-guest interactions, [11] dynamic covalent bonds, [12] ion-dipole interactions, [13] hydrogen bonds, [14][15][16] and ion bonds [17] have attracted much attention. Compared with traditional covalent bonds, these dynamic crosslinks can effectively dissipate energy via reversible bond formation/scission or exchange reactions, [9,12,18] resulting in highly stretchable polymeric materials. Despite this progress, the construction of dynamic polymer networks with a stretching ratio beyond 1000× remains a great challenge. Here, we report the preparation of superstretchable polymer networks by using two types of dynamic bonds. We utilize a small number of strong crosslinks to maintain the network integrity during stretching and a large number of weak crosslinks to dissipate energy. We found that the synergetic interplay between these two mechanisms resulted in a superstretchable polymer network that could be stretched to more than 10 000× its original length.Specifically, polybutadiene (PB) networks crosslinked by ionic hydrogen bonds and imine bonds were prepared and examined. PB oligomers (liquid state, M w = 9400) were functionalized by amine and carboxyl groups via a thiol-ene reaction to obtain PB-NH 2 -9.8% and PB-COOH-5%, respectively (the number indicates the degree of functionalization; Figure S1 and Table S1, Supporting Information). Oligomeric PB was chosen because of the abundant vinyl double bonds (90% 1,2-addition) available for amine and carboxyl modification. PB-NH 2 -9.8% and PB-COOH-5% could be completely dissolved, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis showed that M w of the functionalized PB was similar to that of the original PB, revealing that no chemical crosslinking occurred during the thiol-ene reaction ( Figure S2, Supporting Information). Then, PB-NH 2 -9.8%, PB-COOH-5%, and benezene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde were mixed at different ratios. In this formulation, crosslinked polymer networks were constructed via the weak ionic hydrogen bonds between the amine and carboxyl groups and the strong imine bonds from the reaction of amine and aldehyde groups (Figure 1; Movie S1, Supporting Information). [19,20] PB networks with fixed crosslink degrees at 9.8%, but varied ratios and different orders of formation of the ionic hydrogen bonds and imine bonds, were prepared. The resultant networks were labeled PB-ion-imine-x-y and PB-imine-ion-y-x, where x and y indicate the concentration Superstretchable materials have many applications in advanced technological fields but are difficult to stretch to more than 1000× their original length. A superstretchable dynamic polymer network that can be stretched to 13 000× its original length is designed. It is revealed that superstretchability of...

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Bulk Energy Dissipation Mechanism for the Fracture of Tough and Self-Healing Hydrogels

Cited by 108 publications

References 47 publications

Robust hydrogel of regenerated cellulose by chemical crosslinking coupled with polyacrylamide network

Robust hydrogel of regenerated cellulose by chemical crosslinking coupled with polyacrylamide network

Bimetallic ions synergistic cross‐linking high‐strength rapid self‐healing antibacterial hydrogel

Superstretchable Dynamic Polymer Networks

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