Bulk crystals of tetracene grown by the vapor-Bridgman technique

Abstract

A universal approach is described for preparing single crystals of organic materials that can only be sublimed, in this case tetracene, with extensions of several millimeters along all three dimensions. It is observed that crystals grown by this technique are more brittle than crystals grown by conventional sublimation methods. The mechanical properties are found to be governed by cracks oriented along (001) basal planes. By Laue diffraction it is revealed that the crystal is composed of subgrains. These grains are separated by small angle tilt boundaries that cause visible traces along the [100] direction on (001) fracture planes. The crack formation during growth is explained to result from tilt boundaries terminating within the crystal.

Growth mechanism of large-size anthracene single crystals grown by a solution technique

“…Since the first report about anthracene single crystals in 1948 [4], growth methodology studies of anthracene single crystals were mainly focused on the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique [5][6][7][8] and the physical vapor transfer method [9][10][11][12]. Anthracene single crystals were prepared by the solution method for the first time in 1958 [13][14][15].…”

Heterogeneous Monolithic Integration of Single‐Crystal Organic Materials

“…However, they are unsuitable for growing crystals from molecules that exhibit poor solubility and low vapor pressures, respectively. Crystal growth from the melt is appropriate for organic semiconductors that melt at low temperatures without decomposition . Unfortunately, organic semiconductor molecules are often chemically unstable near their melting temperatures and decompose before melting.…”

Numerical Study of Instabilities Induced by Sheet Electron Beam on Corrugated Metal Plate

“…It is one of the simplest and most promising organic semiconductors used as the active layer of OLETs [8][9][10]. Besides, it has also been considered as a model of organic semiconducting materials, which can easily form well-ordered organic films on single-crystal surfaces.…”

“…Besides, it has also been considered as a model of organic semiconducting materials, which can easily form well-ordered organic films on single-crystal surfaces. The multilayer films of tetracene have been investigated on many substrates [9][10][11][12][13][14][15], but monolayer films have only been studied on Cu(110) [16,17], Ag(111) [18,19], Ru(1010) [20] Si(100)-(2 × 1) [21,22], H-Si(001) [23] and GaSe-Si(111) [24], surfaces. On Ag(110) surfaces, our previous study showed a partially commensurate multilayer tetracene structure [25].…”