“…The limited body image research with Muslim women includes case studies and descriptive or comparative studies. Case studies of Muslim women in countries such as Trinidad, Egypt, and Pakistan have been interpreted to implicate exposure to Western cultural standards of beauty as well as indigenous religious, cultural, and family contexts as factors in the development of eating disorders (e.g., Ali & Maharajh, 2004; Ford, 1992; Yager & Smith, 1993). Descriptive and comparative studies suggest similar levels (Button, Reveley, & Palmer, 1998; Mussap, 2009; Nobakht & Dezhkam, 2000) or higher levels (e.g., Edman & Yates, 2004; Indran & Hatta, 1995; Thomas, James, & Bachmann, 2002) of body image and eating problems among Muslim women relative to non-Muslim populations.…”