Despite a vibrant body of scholarship and a growing public discourse around the socio-political consequences of rising income inequality around much of the world, very little is known about the organizational consequences of societal-level income inequality. In this essay, we draw upon previous literature on the socio-political consequences of high income inequality to help identify its potential business consequences. In particular, we suggest that high levels of income inequality can give rise to (1) social movements that coerce and constrain firms' actions, (2) alternative organizational forms that displace existing organizations and (3) new political and regulatory risks that undermine firms' performance or survival. Using this argument, we emphasize the broader point that income inequality matters to firms and markets and that the study of inequality needs to be 'brought in from the cold' by organizational researchers. Furthermore, we outline a specific research agenda aimed at better understanding income inequality and how organizations can respond to it.There is a vibrant body of scholarship and a growing public discourse about the socio-political consequences of rising income inequality in much of the world. From the front-page press coverage of Occupy Wall Street in the early 2010s to Thomas Piketty's emergence as a talk-show fixture, there is a sense that citizens and scholars alike share a concern about income inequality. This concern is rooted in a belief that high levels of inequality are bad for society -bad for democracy, bad for health and well-being and bad for the cohesion of our cities and communities. These beliefs are borne out in a range of academic research showing that high income inequality has deleterious effects on the polity, public health, civic life and human development in general (see Neckerman and Torche, 2007, for a comprehensive review). In other words, we know how inequality affects