Building genomes to understand biology

Coradini, Alessandro L V; Hull, Cara B; Ehrenreich, Ian M.

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19753-2

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(211 reference statements)

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“…Genome minimization also provides insights into the metabolism of more complex organisms by better understanding how a single genome encodes different types of cells. Minimization can be used to identify genes essential in all cell types as well as genes essential for specific cell types only [15,16].…”

Section: Principle and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic bio/techno/logy and its application

Tebeje

Tadesse

Mengesha

2021

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Synthetic Biology, which began in the 1970s, is a rapidly growing, multidisciplinary field that aims at improving our capacity to design, assemble or develop biological molecules. Nowadays, instead of mapping a particular gene and transferring it to a deficient cell, scientists are building life from scratch in the absence of societal debate and regulatory oversight. This mini-review outlines the explanations and principles, genome minimization techniques, application and ethical considerations. Genome minimizationGenome minimization is a method and tool for maximizing the efficiency of biotechnology. This helps to understand the basic evolutionary processes. Genome

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Section: Principle and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic bio/techno/logy and its application

Tebeje

Tadesse

Mengesha

2021

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…New synthetic biology applications and evolutionary strategies could help to bioengineer chloroplast genomes with, for example, improved efficiency through pathway engineering using robust mutant libraries and directed protein evolution. Synthetic genomics, i.e., the construction of chromosomes, is emerging in the last decade as an exciting frontier for minimizing genomes, constructing mosaic chromosomes of two or more species reengineering organelles ( Coradini et al, 2020 ). Synthetic genomics approaches will be bolstered by nanoparticle gene delivery due to the ability to tune characteristics of the delivery chassis, deliver a wider array of genes for more applications at once, and allow gene delivery to precise organelles.…”

Section: Future Research In Chloroplast Nanobiotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Approaches for Chloroplast Biotechnology Advancements

Newkirk

Allende²,

Jinkerson³

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Photosynthetic organisms are sources of sustainable foods, renewable biofuels, novel biopharmaceuticals, and next-generation biomaterials essential for modern society. Efforts to improve the yield, variety, and sustainability of products dependent on chloroplasts are limited by the need for biotechnological approaches for high-throughput chloroplast transformation, monitoring chloroplast function, and engineering photosynthesis across diverse plant species. The use of nanotechnology has emerged as a novel approach to overcome some of these limitations. Nanotechnology is enabling advances in the targeted delivery of chemicals and genetic elements to chloroplasts, nanosensors for chloroplast biomolecules, and nanotherapeutics for enhancing chloroplast performance. Nanotechnology-mediated delivery of DNA to the chloroplast has the potential to revolutionize chloroplast synthetic biology by allowing transgenes, or even synthesized DNA libraries, to be delivered to a variety of photosynthetic species. Crop yield improvements could be enabled by nanomaterials that enhance photosynthesis, increase tolerance to stresses, and act as nanosensors for biomolecules associated with chloroplast function. Engineering isolated chloroplasts through nanotechnology and synthetic biology approaches are leading to a new generation of plant-based biomaterials able to self-repair using abundant CO2 and water sources and are powered by renewable sunlight energy. Current knowledge gaps of nanotechnology-enabled approaches for chloroplast biotechnology include precise mechanisms for entry into plant cells and organelles, limited understanding about nanoparticle-based chloroplast transformations, and the translation of lab-based nanotechnology tools to the agricultural field with crop plants. Future research in chloroplast biotechnology mediated by the merging of synthetic biology and nanotechnology approaches can yield tools for precise control and monitoring of chloroplast function in vivo and ex vivo across diverse plant species, allowing increased plant productivity and turning plants into widely available sustainable technologies.

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“…In addition to yeast-mediated in vivo homologous recombination, there are several other methods that could be employed for synthetic metagenome DNA assembly. For example, there is a suite of in vitro DNA assembly methods such as Gibson, Golden Gate, and MoClo that can be used to enzymatically join synthesised or PCR amplified DNA segments larger than 20 kb for sub-chromosome assembly 30 , 31 . Rolling circle amplification has also been used to amplify large yeast-assembled DNA fragments for subsequent integration to the Salmonella typhimurium genome 32 .…”

Section: Practical Considerations For Synthetic Metagenomesmentioning

confidence: 99%