Building flax fibres: more than one brick in the walls

Morvan, Claudine; Andème‐Onzighi, Christine; Girault, Raynald; Himmelsbach, David S.; Driouich, Azeddine; Akin, Danny E.

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2003.07.001

Cited by 208 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…3b-d). These observations are similar to those of a former TEM study using classical staining (Morvan et al 2003) and those made by using FIB microscopy (Domenges and Charlet 2010). FIB microscopy observations were based on imaging the irradiation damage produced by focused Ga ?…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This permits to verify the current hypothesis and to provide data for modelling (Gorshkova et al 1996(Gorshkova et al , 2000Morvan et al 2003). Thus, future modelling could permit to determine the water absorption into the fibre and so to establish its consequences on the mechanical properties, since it has been evidenced that the relative humidity strongly influence the ultimate strength and the Young's modulus (Thuault et al 2013a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Regarding the good contrast obtained on these pictures, it can be stated that OTE staining permits to avoid the use of noxious products (lead citrate and uranyl acetate). It should be considered as a good marker of hemicelluloses rich areas, which are related to the presence of cellulose (Morvan et al 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the internal structure of flax fibre cell walls by transmission electron microscopy

2015

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. Abstract The development of the use of flax fibre as reinforcement of eco-friendly composite materials requires a good knowledge of its hydrothermal and mechanical behaviours. To this end the fibre internal structure must be finely investigated. Transmission electron microscopy was used to analyse the morphology of the fibre cell walls in terms of the arrangement of the layers and their thickness. Thus, an alternative eco-friendly staining method, based on oolong tea extract was successfully implemented. The results reveal an arrangement at the nanoscale slightly different from the classical four layer model encountered in the literature: the inner layer includes three to four sub-layers. The cell walls comprises two outer layers of relative thickness of about 10 %, a middle layer of about 70 % and a group of thinner layers (called sub-layers) that are contiguous to the lumen with relative thickness of about 20 %.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Investigation of the internal structure of flax fibre cell walls by transmission electron microscopy

2015

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“…That's why, for instance, polygalacturonic acid (PGA) or rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I), described in numerous papers on plant fibers (e.g. [52][53][54][55] can not be attributed to a certain cell wall layer. The presence of polymers just in the G-layers must be additionally proved.…”

Section: Matrix Polysaccharides In Cellulosic Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulosic Fibers: Role of Matrix Polysaccharides in Structure and Function

Mikshina¹,

Chernova²,

Chemikosova³

et al. 2013

Cellulose - Fundamental Aspects

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“…The secondary wall is mainly made up of cellulose and non-cellulosic polysaccharides. Raw flax contains about 70 % cellulose, 18 % hemicelluloses, 2 % pectic substances, 2 % lignin, 4 % water soluble materials, some fats and waxes (1.7 %) and minute amounts of coloring matters (Astley & Donald, 2001;Morvan, Andème-Onzighi, & Girault, 2003;Focher, Marzetti, & Sharma, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

Csiszár

Fekete

Tóth

et al. 2013

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Flax fibers were ground with a ball-mill and four fractions with different size ranges were collected by sieving. These were tested for water sorption, degree of polymerization (DP), copper number, hydroxyl number and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Significant differences were found between the properties of the flax fiber and those of the ground versions, including fragmentation of fibers, increase of water sorption, copper number, hydroxyl number and surface O/C ratio, and decrease of DP, crystallite size and dispersive component of surface energy ( s d ). Some parameters depended on the particle size: O/C ratio and hydroxyl number had local maxima at 315-630 μm, while  s d increased steadily with the decrease of particle size. These relationships were explained by fiber disintegration, destruction of waxy surface layer, exposure of cellulosic components, increase of surface area and crystalline imperfections.

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Building flax fibres: more than one brick in the walls

Cited by 208 publications

References 44 publications

Investigation of the internal structure of flax fibre cell walls by transmission electron microscopy

Investigation of the internal structure of flax fibre cell walls by transmission electron microscopy

Cellulosic Fibers: Role of Matrix Polysaccharides in Structure and Function

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

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