“…Typically, 'centreline' building geometry definition is adopted, in which walls, floor slabs, ceiling slabs, roof slabs, windows and doors are represented by flat surfaces parallel to the sides and placed in the centre of each particular object [63,34,76]. It is hinted that, in combination with the 'centreline' modelling approach, a predominant way to achieve a BEM geometry is by vertically extruding 2D plans, so as to achieve a geometry referred to as 2.5D [77,78,79,23,72].…”