Building energy metering and environmental monitoring – A state-of-the-art review and directions for future research

Ahmad, Muhammad Waseem; Mourshed, Monjur; Mundow, David; Sisinni, Mario; Rezgui, Yacine

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.03.059

Cited by 262 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This is the approach taken by South Africa's 12L tax incentive programme [37], where meters are required to be calibrated by an accredited laboratory at fixed intervals. Other international programmes adopt similar approaches [38]. This is a sound principle from a regulatory point of view.…”

Section: Calibration In Mandvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost energy meter calibration method for measurement and verification

2017

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Energy meters need to be calibrated for use in Measurement and Verification (M&V) projects. However, calibration can be prohibitively expensive and affect project feasibility negatively. This study presents a novel low-cost in-situ meter data calibration technique using a relatively low accuracy commercial energy meter as a calibrator. Calibration is achieved by combining two machine learning tools: the SIMulation EXtrapolation (SIMEX) Measurement Error Model and Bayesian regression. The model is trained or calibrated on half-hourly building energy data for 24 hours. Measurements are then compared to the true values over the following months to verify the method. Results show that the hybrid method significantly improves parameter estimates and goodness of fit when compared to Ordinary Least Squares regression or standard SIMEX. This study also addresses the effect of mismeasurement in energy monitoring, and implements a powerful technique for mitigating the bias that arises because of it. Meters calibrated by the technique presented have adequate accuracy for most M&V applications, at a significantly lower cost.

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Section: Calibration In Mandvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost energy meter calibration method for measurement and verification

2017

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“…These factors can be very variable and their relationship with energy consumption can be complex, especially in cases where the system in question involves a relevant number and type of users and / or a relevant number and type of sites. Under these circumstances, proper evaluation and verification of activities can't make do without a specific measuring system, as well as a detailed analysis in order to develop a satisfactory relationship between energy consumption and the variables that affect them [3].…”

Section: Energy Management and Real Time Energy Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficient policy and real time energy monitoring in a large hospital facility: A case study

Silvestro¹,

Bagnasco²,

Lanza³

et al. 2017

IJHT

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The San Martino University Hospital is the largest medical facility in the city of Genova. Internal electric power distribution takes place via a 15 kV Medium Voltage grid, connected to the ENEL distribution network via two Points of Delivery (PoD). Two co-generators were installed for a total of 3 MW generation capacity. Loads add up to a total of 4 MW. The network has a ring configuration and it is composed of 14 MV/LV cabins working in an in-out configuration. The San Martino hospital has implemented a real time energy monitoring system. The system is used as a tool to supervise energy demand at every MV/LV cabin and to support the management policies of buildings and technical facilities, in order to optimize energy consumption by pursuing energy saving opportunities. This paper presents how the real time monitoring system was implemented interfacing directly the MV protections. It presents the process of assessing the consumption profiles of the hospital facilities, in order to highlight issues and identify the actions to reduce energy waste. A specific case study is developed and conclusions drawn as to how a monitoring system can supply its users with a tool to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

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“…A state-of-the-art review and recommendations for future research in building energy metering and environmental monitoring have been provided by Ahmad, et al [150]. In 2016, the building efficiency market was the largest advanced energy market segment in the United States, with $ 2.3 billion in home energy management sector revenue and 1300% growth since 2011 [151].…”

Section: Supporting Research Advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The human dimensions of energy use in buildings: A review

D’Oca

Hong

Langevin

2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

272

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The "human dimensions" of energy use in buildings refer to the energy-related behaviors of key stakeholders that affect energy use over the building life cycle. Stakeholders include building designers, operators, managers, engineers, occupants, industry, vendors, and policymakers, who directly or indirectly influence the acts of designing, constructing, living, operating, managing, and regulating the built environments, from individual building up to the urban scale. Among factors driving high-performance buildings, human dimensions play a role that is as significant as that of technological advances. However, this factor is not well understood, and, as a result, human dimensions are often ignored or simplified by stakeholders. This paper presents a review of the literature on human dimensions of building energy use to assess the state-of-the-art in this topic area. The paper highlights research needs for fully integrating human dimensions into the building design and operation processes with the goal of reducing energy use in buildings while enhancing occupant comfort and productivity. This research focuses on identifying key needs for each stakeholder involved in a building's life cycle and takes an interdisciplinary focus that spans the fields of architecture and engineering design, sociology, data science, energy policy, codes, and standards to provide targeted insights.Greater understanding of the human dimensions of energy use has several potential benefits including reductions in operating cost for building owners; enhanced comfort conditions and productivity for building occupants; more effective building energy management and automation systems for building operators and energy managers; and the integration of more accurate control logic into the next generation of human-in-the-loop technologies. The review concludes by summarizing recommendations for policy makers and industry stakeholders for developing codes, standards, and technologies that can leverage the human dimensions of energy use to reliably predict and achieve energy use reductions in the residential and commercial buildings sectors.

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Building energy metering and environmental monitoring – A state-of-the-art review and directions for future research

Cited by 262 publications

References 56 publications

Low-cost energy meter calibration method for measurement and verification

Low-cost energy meter calibration method for measurement and verification

Energy efficient policy and real time energy monitoring in a large hospital facility: A case study

The human dimensions of energy use in buildings: A review

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