Building Code Compliance for Off-Site Construction

Abstract

There are increasing concerns over building code/regulation compliance and quality assurance issues in adopting off-site construction in the construction industry to meet client expectations and regulatory requirements. Performance-based building regulations often allow for space for innovation, but not a 'safe space' for those who intend to introduce new construction techniques not prescribed in building regulations. Through a series of surveys conducted in Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, China, Singapore and Australia, this paper identifies approaches and practices used in these countries that overcome compliance challenges when adopting off-site construction. The findings show that the manufacturer's self-certification approach appears predominant for meeting code of compliance requirements, and a fit-for-purpose regulatory compliance system also warrants fair allocation of risks and liabilities to anyone involved in the supply chain. However, a healthy and functional regulatory system for off-site compliance requires a third-party certification for products/factories and traceability. It is hoped that the lessons learned can help policymakers introduce changes to product standards and other legislation to improve the compliance and performance of off 1 28 site construction. This research calls for a chain of custody approach to address quality concerns 29 surrounding adopting prefabrication technology in countries that are increasingly exploring 30 greater use of manufacturing in construction.

Role of Modularity in Adoption of Off-Site Construction

“…Subassembly manufacturing in offsite construction falls within the manufacturing domain, allowing the adoption of quality assurance systems and certificates led by the manufacturing industry. Certifications ensure that manufacturing facilities maintain quality control, inspection systems, and skilled personnel (Gharbia et al, 2023). Aesthetic issues may arise from the misalignment of structural and façade modules (Enshassi et al, 2020), and damage to components during the onsite assembly process is also a significant concern.…”