Building and Using the<i>Siarad</i>Corpus

Deuchar, Margaret; Webb-Davies, Peredur; Donnelly, Kevin

doi:10.1075/scl.81

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Thus, Welsh-English code-switching between the noun and the adjective could generate four potential noun-adjective combinations: 'red gwin, ' 'gwin red, ' 'coch wine, ' and 'wine coch'. In general, Welsh-English code-switching data show clear regularities, with Welsh grammar determining word order in bilingual clauses with very few exceptions (see Deuchar et al, 2018). However, due to the generally low occurrence of attributive adjectives in production data, determining the grammatical constraints that may predict code-switching patterns has been the focus of attention of many studies, not only on Welsh-English code-switching (Parafita Couto et al, 2015, 2017 but also on adjective-noun code-switching in other language pairs where the switch point also constitutes a conflict site (e.g., Spanish-English, Papiamento-Dutch, or French-Dutch).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchmate! An Electrophysiological Attempt to Adjudicate Between Competing Accounts of Adjective-Noun Code-Switching

et al. 2020

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Here, we used event-related potentials to test the predictions of two prominent accounts of code-switching in bilinguals: The Matrix Language Framework (MLF; Myers-Scotton, 1993 ) and an application of the Minimalist Programme (MP; Cantone and MacSwan, 2009 ). We focused on the relative order of the noun with respect to the adjective in mixed Welsh–English nominal constructions given the clear contrast between pre- and post-nominal adjective position between Welsh and English. MP would predict that the language of the adjective should determine felicitous word order (i.e., English adjectives should appear pre-nominally and Welsh adjectives post-nominally). In contrast, MLF contends that it is the language of the finite verb inflexion rather than that of a particular word that governs felicitous word order. To assess the predictions of the two models, we constructed sentences featuring a code-switch between the adjective and the noun, that complied with either English or Welsh word-order. Highly proficient Welsh–English bilinguals made semantic acceptability judgements upon reading the last word of sentences which could violate MP assumptions, MLF assumptions, both assumptions, or neither. Behaviourally, MP violations had no significant effect, whereas MLF violations induced an average drop of 11% in acceptability judgements. Neurophysiologically, MP violations elicited a significant Left Anterior Negativity (LAN) modulation, whereas MLF violations modulated both P600 and LAN mean amplitudes. In addition, there was a significant interaction between MP and MLF status in the P600 range: When MP was violated, MLF status did not matter, and when MP criteria were met, MLF violations resulted in a P600 modulation. This interaction possibly reflects a general preference for noun over adjective insertions, and may provide support for MLF over MP at a global sentence processing level. Model predictions also manifested differently in each of the matrix languages (MLs): When the ML was Welsh, MP and MLF violations elicited greater P600 mean amplitudes than MP and MLF adherences, however, this pattern was not observed when the ML was English. We discuss methodological considerations relating to the neuroscientific study of code-switching, and the extent to which our results shed light on adjective-noun code-switching beyond findings from production and experimental-behavioural studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchmate! An Electrophysiological Attempt to Adjudicate Between Competing Accounts of Adjective-Noun Code-Switching

et al. 2020

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“…To determine what counts as "integrated", one major set of approaches prioritises heuristics based on linguistic form, such as word order (mis)alignment (Deuchar et al, 2018), the language of functional heads (Belazi et al, 1994;Mahootian and Santorini, 1996), and phonological nativisation (Itô and Mester, 2001;Lindstrom, 2007). Others focus on frequency of occurrence, with one-off uses being labelled as code-switches (Myers-Scotton, 1992) or "lone other language items", while having a higher frequency is seen as evidence of borrowed status (Deuchar et al, 2018;Poplack and Meechan, 1998).…”

Section: Code-switching Borrowing and Language Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language Contact

Bisnath,

Namboodiripad

2023

Preprint

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Language contact research is often concerned with understanding which bounded language(s) are the source of particular linguistic forms, and identifying and explaining (in)consistencies across contexts of language contact. The field tends to place its focus on contexts in which variable use of linguistic forms is particularly salient, leading to interest in language change, shift, and minoritised languages. This chapter draws on linguistic anthropology and usage-based contact linguistics. We frame language contact broadly, as being the study of the exchange of semiotic resources across boundaries. Identification of the right boundaries becomes a core part of contact linguistics then, as resources are dynamically and differentially associated with particular social labels, including named languages. We argue that processes typically ascribed to contact (e.g. borrowing) are found across all contexts of language use. This approach has the advantages of, (a) Rejecting colonialist and essentialist characterisations of languages and language users which obscure the variable and opportunistic use of semiotic resources that typifies all language use; (b) Expanding beyond traditional, unimodal analysis to include multimodal, semiotic resources used in interaction; (c) Appealing to language users’ subjectivities, as opposed to top-down groupings, to account for the use of semiotic resources.

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“…Creating a corpus is a promising method of studying code-switching, as it allows us to see code-switching in a broader linguistic context and quantify language use. Dedicated corpora of code-switching have been created for English and Hindi (Dey and Fung, 2014), English and Welsh (Deuchar et al, 2018), German and Turkish (Özlem Çetinoglu, 2016), Estonian and Russian (Zabrodskaja, 2009), and many more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parliamentary Code-Switching Corpus: Bilingualism in the Ukrainian Parliament in the 1990s-2020s

Kanishcheva,

Kovalova,

Shvedova

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Second Ukrainian Natural Language Processing Workshop (UNLP)

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We describe a Ukrainian-Russian codeswitching corpus of Ukrainian Parliamentary Session Transcripts. The corpus includes speeches entirely in Ukrainian, Russian, or various types of mixed speech and allows us to see how speakers switch between these languages depending on the communicative situation. The paper describes the process of creating this corpus from the official multilingual transcripts using automatic language detecting and publicly available metadata on the speakers. On this basis, we consider possible reasons for the change in the number of Ukrainian speakers in the parliament and present the most common patterns of bilingual Ukrainian and Russian code-switching in parliamentarians' speeches.

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Building and Using theSiaradCorpus

Cited by 19 publications

References 115 publications

Switchmate! An Electrophysiological Attempt to Adjudicate Between Competing Accounts of Adjective-Noun Code-Switching

Switchmate! An Electrophysiological Attempt to Adjudicate Between Competing Accounts of Adjective-Noun Code-Switching

Language Contact

The Parliamentary Code-Switching Corpus: Bilingualism in the Ukrainian Parliament in the 1990s-2020s

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