Building a rock physics model for the formation evaluation of the Lower Goru sand reservoir of the Southern Indus Basin in Pakistan

Ali, Muhammad; Ma, Huolin; Pan, Heping; Ashraf, Umar; Ren, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107461

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The orientation of the fault within the SGF is NNW-SSE oriented, while most of the fractures are characterized in the SE-NW direction [27]. The blue rectangle highlights the zone of interest (ZOI) (modified from [35]).…”

Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the significant lithologies of the LGF are sand and shales. The reservoir sands were deposited in prograding proximal delta-front to delta distributaries in the shallow-marine environments [31,35].…”

Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(c) Stratigraphic chart of LIB. The blue rectangle highlights the zone of interest (ZOI) (modified from [35]).…”

Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various authors performed multiple post-stack inversion methods to calculate the reservoir parameters [33,34]. However, their studies were based only on attributes [27,28,31], inversion techniques [32][33][34], or well logging [29,35]. None of those studies have provided comprehensive research to incorporate all the necessary methods to present thorough research for classifying the reservoir thickness, quantitative and qualitative assessments of facies heterogeneity, and the factors controlling the reservoir heterogeneity of the Lower Goru sands (LGS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous studies, Ref. [35] compared the different rock physics models for the suitability of the LGS. The authors showed that the stiff-sand model is the best model to describe the behavior of the LGS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controls on Reservoir Heterogeneity of a Shallow-Marine Reservoir in Sawan Gas Field, SE Pakistan: Implications for Reservoir Quality Prediction Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion

Ashraf

Zhang

Anees

et al. 2020

Water

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The precise characterization of reservoir parameters is vital for future development and prospect evaluation of oil and gas fields. C-sand and B-sand intervals of the Lower Goru Formation (LGF) within the Lower Indus Basin (LIB) are proven reservoirs. Conventional seismic amplitude interpretation fails to delineate the heterogeneity of the sand-shale facies distribution due to limited seismic resolution in the Sawan gas field (SGF). The high heterogeneity and low resolution make it challenging to characterize the reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, and the factors controlling the heterogeneity. Constrained sparse spike inversion (CSSI) is employed using 3D seismic and well log data to characterize and discriminate the lithofacies, impedance, porosity, and thickness (sand-ratio) of the C- and B-sand intervals of the LGF. The achieved results disclose that the CSSI delineated the extent of lithofacies, heterogeneity, and precise characterization of reservoir parameters within the zone of interest (ZOI). The sand facies of C- and B-sand intervals are characterized by low acoustic impedance (AI) values (8 × 106 kg/m2s to 1 × 107 kg/m2s), maximum sand-ratio (0.6 to 0.9), and maximum porosity (10% to 24%). The primary reservoir (C-sand) has an excellent ability to produce the maximum yield of gas due to low AI (8 × 106 kg/m2s), maximum reservoir thickness (0.9), and porosity (24%). However, the secondary reservoir (B-sand) also has a good capacity for gas production due to low AI (1 × 107 kg/m2s), decent sand-ratio (0.6), and average porosity (14%), if properly evaluated. The time-slices of porosity and sand-ratio maps have revealed the location of low-impedance, maximum porosity, and maximum sand-ratio that can be exploited for future drillings. Rock physics analysis using AI through inverse and direct relationships successfully discriminated against the heterogeneity between the sand facies and shale facies. In the corollary, we proposed that pre-conditioning through comprehensive petrophysical, inversion, and rock physics analysis are imperative tools to calibrate the factors controlling the reservoir heterogeneity and for better reservoir quality measurement in the fluvial shallow-marine deltaic basins.

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Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(c) Stratigraphic chart of LIB. The blue rectangle highlights the zone of interest (ZOI) (modified from [35]).…”

Section: Stratigraphic and Structural Characteristics Of The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controls on Reservoir Heterogeneity of a Shallow-Marine Reservoir in Sawan Gas Field, SE Pakistan: Implications for Reservoir Quality Prediction Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion

Ashraf

Zhang

Anees

et al. 2020

Water

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Effective Elastic Properties and Micro-mechanical Damage Evolution of Composite Granular Rocks: Insights from Particulate Discrete Element Modelling

Pothana,

Garcia,

Ling

2024

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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The mechanical behavior of composite granular rocks is a multifaceted phenomenon with broad relevance in various geomechanical applications. Traditional homogenization models and continuum mechanics-based numerical methods often fall short of accurately capturing the intricacies of granular materials. Granular materials exhibit heterogeneity and arching mechanisms governing the force networks that ensure system stability. Unlike continuum-based approaches, discrete element methods (DEM) have an advantage in assessing effective material properties by considering material heterogeneity and grain-level physical interactions. This study evaluates effective elastic properties using DEM with flat-joint contact law for composite binary mixtures with a stiff inclusion embedded within a matrix material. We examine variations in the elastic properties across different structural and laminated geometrical distributions of inclusion materials. Our findings closely adhere to the Voigt-Reuss and Hashin–Strikman bounds within their specific conditions, demonstrating the promising application of DEM in the analysis of composite materials. In addition, our research provides an in-depth analysis of the distinctive stress-evolution and damage-evolution characteristics exhibited by various geometrical configurations of inclusions under unconfined compressive loading. These results offer invaluable insights into the mechanical behavior of composite granular rocks and underscore the potential applications of DEM in addressing rock physics modeling problems encountered in petroleum engineering.

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Experimental Study on Porosity & Permeability Characteristics of Typical Tight Oil Reservoirs

Wang,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Chem Technol Fuels Oils

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Building a rock physics model for the formation evaluation of the Lower Goru sand reservoir of the Southern Indus Basin in Pakistan

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Controls on Reservoir Heterogeneity of a Shallow-Marine Reservoir in Sawan Gas Field, SE Pakistan: Implications for Reservoir Quality Prediction Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion

Controls on Reservoir Heterogeneity of a Shallow-Marine Reservoir in Sawan Gas Field, SE Pakistan: Implications for Reservoir Quality Prediction Using Acoustic Impedance Inversion

Effective Elastic Properties and Micro-mechanical Damage Evolution of Composite Granular Rocks: Insights from Particulate Discrete Element Modelling

Experimental Study on Porosity & Permeability Characteristics of Typical Tight Oil Reservoirs

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