In recent years, climate change has made the public more concerned about greenhouse gas emissions, and the burning of agricultural waste has been proven to be one of the non-negligible sources of CO2 emissions leading to global warming. Taiwan is a relatively scarce region with limited land and insufficient landfills to dispose of waste. It provides an opportunity for Taiwan to develop circular agriculture. This study takes the elderly in the Xinxing Community in Dacun Township, Changhua County, Taiwan, as the research object. Using qualitative interviews and quantitative analysis methods, we can more fully and accurately grasp the awareness of the elderly in the Xinxing Community on agricultural waste. The study results show that there is no significant difference in the cognition of agricultural waste treatment among senior citizens in emerging communities whether they are engaged in the grape industry or not. However, there are significant differences in the cognition of agricultural waste resource treatment technology. The cognition of being engaged in the grape industry is higher than that of those who are not engaged in it, and they have a higher cognition of agricultural waste resource treatment technology. In addition, there is no significant difference in the perception of agricultural waste resource reuse operations. This research provides suggestions for the future development of sustainable environments and the management of emerging communities.