Buffering Mitigates Chondrocyte Oxidative Stress, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Death Induced by Normal Saline: Formulation of a Novel Arthroscopic Irrigant
Arman Hlas,
Venkateswaran Ganesh,
Jaison Marks
et al.
Abstract:For decades, surgeons have utilized 0.9% normal saline (NS) for joint irrigation to improve visualization during arthroscopic procedures. This continues despite mounting evidence that NS exposure impairs chondrocyte metabolism and compromises articular cartilage function. We hypothesized that chondrocyte oxidative stress induced by low pH is the dominant factor driving NS toxicity, and that buffering NS to increase its pH would mitigate these effects. Effects on chondrocyte viability, reactive oxygen species (… Show more
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