Bud Dormancy in Perennial Fruit Tree Species: A Pivotal Role for Oxidative Cues

Beauvieux, Rémi; Wenden, Bénédicte; Dirlewanger, Elisabeth

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00657

Cited by 135 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 163 publications

(238 reference statements)

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“…Combined with the dehydration of cells, decreased osmotic potential lowers the freezing point of living cells preventing ice damage. Compatible solutes such as sugars can stabilize membranes and macromolecules, and also scavenge ROS (Tarkowski and Van den Ende, 2015;Beauvieux et al, 2018). The increase of starch degradation rate in response to low temperature can be related not only to changes in metabolic gene expression but also enzyme activity (Witt and Sauter, 1994).…”

Section: Effects Of Temperature On Winter and Spring Nsc Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-structural Carbohydrates in Dormant Woody Perennials; The Tale of Winter Survival and Spring Arrival

Tixier

Gambetta

Godfrey

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Woody perennials' reliance on nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) reserves for the resumption of spring growth necessitates an accumulation of NSC prior to dormancy. It is assumed that during dormancy temperature-regulated biological activities gauge the progression of winter and affect the metabolic rates and physiology of NSC reserves. Thus, changes in temperature signal the arrival of spring and determine the amount of reserves available for growth resumption. As woody perennials are dependent on dispersed storage of NSC during spring, they need an integrated remobilization and redistribution for synchronous and effective development of photosynthetic and reproductive organs. However, it is not known how storage compartments interact at the whole plant level, when NSC reserves are mobilized, or how local and distal storage compartments influence the biology of spring growth resumption. The goal of this mini-review is to shift the focus of winter biology from bud-centric to the whole plant. We discuss winter NSC management in the context of climate change with a special emphasis on how projected mild winters may affect the carbon budget, transport, and allocation during winter. We look at three aspects of NSC regulation underlying dormancy (I) the molecular regulation of dormancy (II) temperature dependent winter NSC metabolism, and (III) spring NSC remobilization and redistribution processes.

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Section: Effects Of Temperature On Winter and Spring Nsc Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-structural Carbohydrates in Dormant Woody Perennials; The Tale of Winter Survival and Spring Arrival

Tixier

Gambetta

Godfrey

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…However, in light of our results, this expectation was not confirmed, with both treatments showing a similar pattern regarding starch levels in the flower primordia during winter. Thus, differences in phenological development, as well as in flowering probability, may rely on changes in hormonal regulation [71], different levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during the growing season [72], or other biochemical changes inside the buds during bud initiation in summer or bud dormancy in winter. Further experimentation is still needed to clarify these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild Water Stress Makes Apple Buds More Likely to Flower and More Responsive to Artificial Forcing— Impacts of an Unusually Warm and Dry Summer in Germany

et al. 2020

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Climate change may result in increasingly frequent extreme events, such as the unusually dry conditions that occurred in Germany during the apple growing season of 2018. To assess the effects of this phenomenon on dormancy release and flowering in apples, we compared irrigated and non-irrigated orchard blocks at Campus Klein-Altendorf. We evaluated bud development, dormancy release and flowering in the following season under orchard and controlled forcing conditions. Results showed that irrigated trees presented longer (39.2%) and thinner shoots compared to non-irrigated trees. In both treatments, apical buds developed a similar number of flower primordia per cyme (4-5), presenting comparable development and starch dynamics during dormancy. Interestingly, buds on non-irrigated shoots exposed to low chill levels responded earlier to forcing conditions than those on irrigated shoots. However, chill requirements (~50 Chill Portions) and bud phenology under field conditions did not differ between treatments. In spring, buds on non-irrigated trees presented a higher bloom probability (0.42) than buds on irrigated trees (0.30). Our findings show that mild water stress during summer influenced vegetative growth during the same season, as well as the response of buds to forcing temperatures and flowering of the following season. The differences between irrigation levels in the phenological responses of shoots under low-chill conditions point to a so-far understudied impact of water supply on chilling requirements, as well as subsequent bud behavior. Accounting for the effects of both the water status during summer and the temperature during the dormant season may be required for accurately predicting future tree phenology in a changing climate.to 1986-2005 and using the scenario RCP4.5, total precipitation during April-September is predicted to change between about −20% (25th percentile of multi-model distribution) and +10% (75th percentile) in central Europe by 2046-2065 [3]. These changes may result in more frequent extreme events, similar to the extraordinary heat and dry weather observed during the apple growing season in June-September of 2018. Such seasons do not only have immediate impacts, but they may also affect orchard performance in the following growth period. In fact, tree development in a given season depends on processes that occurred during the previous year, including the accumulation of reserves and dormancy induction, as well as flower initiation and differentiation [4,5].Apple trees are cultivated in a wide range of climates, including temperate and tropical regions [4]. Accordingly, growing techniques have been adapted to a range of temperature and water regimes. Under drought conditions, where water scarcity limits apple production, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) allows maintenance of productive orchards [5,6], although this practice may have undesirable implications for fruit maturity, quality, and shelf life [7]. On the other hand, RDI has been proposed as a useful approach to control excessi...

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“…These phases are (a) "dormancy induction" (Figure 1a); (b) "endo-dormancy" (also called "true dormancy" or "rest") ( Figure 1b); and (c) "eco-dormancy" (also called "climatic dormancy" or "quiescence") ( Figure 1b). Winter dormancy induction is associated with leaf fall, whereas the second phase (endo-dormancy) is characterized by meristems being unable to grow even under favorable conditions [15,24]. The third phase (eco-dormancy) is controlled by external factors.…”

Section: A Seasonal Framework Of Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epigenetic mechanisms that modify gene expression patterns without any changes to the DNA sequence appear to be involved in mediating dormancy release in several temperate fruit tree species [23]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with cellular stress, have been proposed as key molecules integrating the environmental cues and metabolic processes that regulate plant growth and development [24]. Recent years have thus produced great advances in dormancy research, which has come a long way since the discovery of the need for chilling more than two centuries ago.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conceptual Framework for Winter Dormancy in Deciduous Trees

et al. 2020

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The perennial life strategy of temperate trees relies on establishing a dormant stage during winter to survive unfavorable conditions. To overcome this dormant stage, trees require cool (i.e., chilling) temperatures as an environmental cue. Numerous approaches have tried to decipher the physiology of dormancy, but these efforts have usually remained relatively narrowly focused on particular regulatory or metabolic processes, recently integrated and linked by transcriptomic studies. This work aimed to synthesize existing knowledge on dormancy into a general conceptual framework to enhance dormancy comprehension. The proposed conceptual framework covers four physiological processes involved in dormancy progression: (i) transport at both whole-plant and cellular level, (ii) phytohormone dynamics, (iii) genetic and epigenetic regulation, and (iv) dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates. We merged the regulatory levels into a seasonal framework integrating the environmental signals (i.e., temperature and photoperiod) that trigger each dormancy phase.

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Bud Dormancy in Perennial Fruit Tree Species: A Pivotal Role for Oxidative Cues

Cited by 135 publications

References 163 publications

Non-structural Carbohydrates in Dormant Woody Perennials; The Tale of Winter Survival and Spring Arrival

Non-structural Carbohydrates in Dormant Woody Perennials; The Tale of Winter Survival and Spring Arrival

Mild Water Stress Makes Apple Buds More Likely to Flower and More Responsive to Artificial Forcing— Impacts of an Unusually Warm and Dry Summer in Germany

A Conceptual Framework for Winter Dormancy in Deciduous Trees

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