“…For each value of , the values for λ 2 are systematically varied from 0, for the model proposed by Grosberg and Swani [2], to 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 for the bilinear model. The numerical results obtained from the present model are consistent and appear realistic in terms of the theoretical and experimental behavior previously reported by various authors [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. As expected, at a constant value of , in general, the recovery from buckling, at the same percentage compression level, gradually increases with a concomitant decrease in total hysteresis as the value of λ 2 increases from 0, for the model proposed by Grosberg and Swani [2] to 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 for our model.…”