Cadmium dicyanamide Cd[N(CN) 2 ] 2 was synthesized through aqueous ion exchange at room temperature. A reversible phase transition was detected by in situ X-ray powder diffractometry above 55°C. The crystal structures of both phases were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (β-Cd[N(CN) 2 ] 2 : T ϭ 22°C, a ϭ 621.60(3), b ϭ 748.76(4), c ϭ 770.21(5) pm, β ϭ 91.784(3)°, P2 1 /n (no. 14), Z ϭ 2, wR p ϭ 0.063, R p ϭ 0.050, R F ϭ 0.059; α-Cd[N(CN) 2 ] 2 : T ϭ 150°C, a ϭ 624.62(5), b ϭ 752.92(6), c ϭ 768.30(7) pm, Pnnm (no. 58), Z ϭ 2, wR p ϭ 0.083, R p ϭ 0.064,