Bubble entrainment by the impact of drops on liquid surfaces

Oğuz, Hasan N.; Prosperetti, Andréa

doi:10.1017/s0022112090002890

Cited by 309 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the case of a cavitation bubble, similar assumptions were shown to be valid by Guerri, Lucca, and Prosperetti (1980) and others (Blake, Taib, and Doherty 1986;Chahine 1982;Oguz and Prosperetti 1989). In summary, the gradient of the potential normal to a rigid body is zero, the potential can be determined on the bubble surface initially, and the velocity and potential at infinity vanish.…”

Section: Mathematical Developmentsupporting

confidence: 56%

A Boundary Integral Approach for Three-Dimensional Underwater Explosion Bubble Dynamics

Wilkerson¹

1992

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Section: Mathematical Developmentsupporting

confidence: 56%

A Boundary Integral Approach for Three-Dimensional Underwater Explosion Bubble Dynamics

Wilkerson¹

1992

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“…In all these cases jetting seems thus to be accomplished by a mechanism different from the one in this Letter. In the case of drop impact [15,16] or gas injection through a needle [3,17], however, the formation of a cavity and its subsequent inertial collapse can sometimes be observed and the present mechanism might be of relevance.Our experimental setup consists of a circular disc with radius R 0 that is pulled through a water surface with velocity V 0 as described in [4]. The velocity V 0 is kept constant throughout the whole process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

High-Speed Jet Formation after Solid Object Impact

Gekle

Gordillo

Meer

et al. 2009

Computational Fluid Dynamics 2008

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A circular disc hitting a water surface creates an impact crater which after collapse leads to a vigorous jet. Upon impact an axisymmetric air cavity forms and eventually pinches off in a single point halfway down the cavity. Two fast sharp-pointed jets are observed shooting up-and downwards from the closure location, which by then has turned into a stagnation point surrounded by a locally hyperbolic flow pattern. This flow, however, is not the mechanism feeding the jets. Using high-speed imaging and numerical simulations we show that jetting is fed by the local flow around the base of the jet, which is forced by the colliding cavity walls. We show how the well-known theory of a collapsing void (using a line of sinks on the symmetry axis) can be continued beyond pinch-off to obtain a new and quantitative model for jet formation which agrees well with numerical and experimental data. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.034502 PACS numbers: 47.55.NÀ, 47.11.Hj, 47.55.DÀ, 47.55.df The most prominent phenomenon when a solid object hits a water surface is the high-speed jet shooting upwards into the air. The basic sequence of events leading to this jet has been studied since Worthington over a century ago: After impact, the intruder creates an air-filled cavity in the liquid which due to hydrostatic pressure immediately starts to collapse, eventually leading to the pinch-off of a large bubble. Two very thin jets are ejected up-, respectively, downwards from the pinch-off point. This finite-time singularity has been intensively studied in recent time [1][2][3][4][5]. Such singularities have been shown to lead to a hyperbolic flow pattern after collapse and thus to the formation of liquid jets [6][7][8][9].As we show in the present work, however, the radial energy focusing towards the singular pinch-off point alone is not sufficient to explain the extreme thinness of jets observed after the impact of a solid object. Instead, this jet formation is shown to depend crucially on the kinetic energy contained in the entire collapsing wall of the cavity even far above the pinch-off singularity. This is in contrast to jets observed in many other situations where narrow confining cavity walls are not present, e.g., for bubbles bursting on a free surface or near a solid wall [9][10][11], wave focusing [12,13], or jets induced by pressure waves [14]. In addition, surface tension in our case turns out to be irrelevant in contrast to capillary-driven scenarios as suggested for Faraday waves [7,8]. In all these cases jetting seems thus to be accomplished by a mechanism different from the one in this Letter. In the case of drop impact [15,16] or gas injection through a needle [3,17], however, the formation of a cavity and its subsequent inertial collapse can sometimes be observed and the present mechanism might be of relevance.Our experimental setup consists of a circular disc with radius R 0 that is pulled through a water surface with velocity V 0 as described in [4]. The velocity V 0 is kept constant throughout the whole process. Globa...

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“…In addition to air cushioning, a gas bubble may become entrained during a droplet impact due to the collapse of an impact crater. 7 The result of a droplet impact depends on many physical parameters including the properties of the fluid forming the droplet, the speed of approach to impact, and the droplet radius. When a droplet impacts a liquid layer, the depth of liquid has a significant effect on the resulting air cushioning and the splash dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air cushioning in droplet impacts with liquid layers and other droplets

Hicks

Purvis

2011

Physics of Fluids

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Air cushioning of a high-speed liquid droplet impact with a finite-depth liquid layer sitting upon a rigid impermeable base is investigated. The evolution of the droplet and liquid-layer free-surfaces is studied alongside the pressure in the gas film dividing the two. The model predicts gas bubbles are trapped between the liquid free-surfaces as the droplet approaches impact. The key balance in the model occurs when the depth of the liquid layer equals the horizontal extent of interactions between the droplet and the gas film. For liquid layer depths significantly less than this a shallow liquid limit is investigated, which ultimately tends towards the air-cushioning behavior seen in droplet impact with a solid surface. Conversely, for liquid layer depths much deeper than this, the rigid base does not affect the air-cushioning of the droplet. The influence of compressibility is discussed and the relevant parameter regime for an incompressible model is identified. The size of the trapped gas bubble as a function of the liquid layer depth is investigated. The deep water model is extended to consider binary droplet collisions. Again, the model predicts gas bubbles will be trapped as the result of air cushioning in high-speed binary droplet impacts

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Bubble entrainment by the impact of drops on liquid surfaces

Cited by 309 publications

References 24 publications

A Boundary Integral Approach for Three-Dimensional Underwater Explosion Bubble Dynamics

A Boundary Integral Approach for Three-Dimensional Underwater Explosion Bubble Dynamics

High-Speed Jet Formation after Solid Object Impact

Air cushioning in droplet impacts with liquid layers and other droplets

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