Bubble Dynamics Observed in a Gas-Liquid Venturi Flow

Abstract

The present study deals with the experiments for the gas-liquid two-phase flow inside an acrylic Venturi tube using a high-speed video camera. Some interesting phenomena on the bubble dynamics are observed in the tube. First, the volume and surface oscillations of two interacting bubbles are observed in converging section of the tube when one bubble enters the throat. The volume oscillation of the bubble that enters the throat is caused by the detachment of the tip of the downstream surface of the bubble. The pressure wave irradiated from the bubble that enters the throat induces the volume and surface oscillations of the bubble that remains at the converging section. The parametric excitation is the reason for the surface oscillations. Second, the bubble deformations at the throat in a Venturi or a converging tube are investigated. The experiments show that two kinds of liquid jets are formed on the bubble surface; one is a forward jet that develops from the upstream surface to the downstream surface and the other is a counter jet in which the direction of the jet is opposite to the forward jet. It is shown that the counter jet occurs only when the distance between two bubbles in the throat is sufficiently short. The interactions between two bubbles cause the counter jet. It is also shown that the velocity of the forward jet becomes faster when the bubble is pinched off more upstream in the converging section. Finally, the propagations of the pressure waves are measured with pressure transducers. The impulsive pressure associated with the collapse of cavitation bubble cloud is measured when a bubble enters the throat of the tube. Also, the propagation speed of pressure waves is evaluated with the cross-correlation function. The results show that the propagation speed and damping of the pressure waves are dependent on the number density of bubbles at the downstream part in the tube.

A visualized study of bubble breakup in small rectangular Venturi channels

“…The mechanism of bubble breakup in a Venturi channel seems identical to that in a conventional channel, whereas several times smaller bubbles can be generated by it compared with a straight tube (Kawamura et al, 2004), and phenomenological results indicate a quite different scenario in the diverging section. Bubble breakup induced by a liquid jet penetrating the entire bubble has been observed in Venturi tubes (Ivany et al, 1966;Fujiwara et al, 2007;Nomura et al, 2011;Nishi et al, 2011). When a bubble entered the diverging section of the Venturi, it passed in adverse pressure gradient, an inward protrusion in the bubble that developed from the high-pressure side was observed before the bubble collapsed (Ivany et al, 1966).…”