Bubble characteristics in subcooled flow boiling of seawater

Li, Yuan-Jie; Ren, Shuai; Zhang, Shiwei; Jiang, Xingchi; Pan, Ching‐Tsai

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132019

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The bubbles generated at the cladding surfaces squeeze the volume of the original liquid phase. Because most of the solute does not evaporate, the solutes at the vapor–liquid interface become concentrated . As the subcooled boiling is further enhanced, the solute is further concentrated (the blue cubes in regime I of Figure ), until it exceeds its solubility and begins to precipitate in the form of crystals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because most of the solute does not evaporate, the solutes at the vapor−liquid interface become concentrated. 28 As the subcooled boiling is further enhanced, the solute is further concentrated (the blue cubes in regime I of Figure 7), until it exceeds its solubility and begins to precipitate in the form of crystals. Some reactions involving iron and nickel, such as eqs 1−4, are thought to have occurred in this process, which is mainly due to the concentration of boric acid and lithium hydroxide in the coolant, which causes the change of pH in the local environment and the change of chemical equilibrium.…”

Section: Influence Of the Azimuth Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout–Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Nuclear energy is a competitive green energy, yet corrosion deposition and boron hideout on pressurized water reactor fuel cladding surfaces could cause localized corrosion and power shift, resulting in huge safety and economic risks. Alleviation of these problems requires the understanding of the corrosion deposition mechanism and related boron behavior. In this study, we explore corrosion product deposition in typical fuel assembly channels under subcooled boiling conditions and propose a boron hideout and return mechanism to explain the reason for the failure of the power reduction inhibiting a power shift. Porous corrosion depositions with the same morphology and thickness as the real depositions in a fuel cycle are obtained in a week via the accelerated deposition method simulating a real subcooled boiling and water chemical environment. Stronger subcooled boiling generates more bubbles, resulting in higher supersaturation of corrosion products at the gas−liquid interface. The corresponding precipitated stable crystals are smaller, and the formed deposition layer is looser and thicker with smaller particles. On the basis of the above characterizations, the effect of subcooled boiling, solute concentration, and water chemistry on the corrosion deposition mechanism is revealed. High-resolution characterization methods indicate that boron hides within the depositions mainly in the form of H 3 BO 3 and Li 2 B 4 O 7 . The boron coolant concentration increases by 307.9 ppm after power reduction, confirming the return behavior of porous hidden boron. Hidden boron return behavior brings potential challenges for estimating critical conditions and plant response operations. The results of this study provide a precise method for understanding the corrosion product deposition and boron hideout−return behavior to further develop mitigation strategies for power shift and localized corrosion security issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of the Azimuth Anglementioning

confidence: 99%