Bubble Acoustics From Whales to Other Worlds

Abstract

This was used to count bubbles in the sea, and as the basis for the development of a range of techniques suited to oceanic bubble counting [19][20][21] , particularly in the surf zone where previous acoustical methods had lacked the ability to cope with the time dependent and nonlinear 21,22 effects that would occur there.Using this range of signals we were able to equip a spar buoy 23,24 that was deployed from the Royal Research Ship Discovery in 2007 to measure bubble populations in the North Sea, data which we then use to model the transfer of gas between atmosphere and ocean. This was done to provide values for parameters that are key to understanding the carbon budget of the planet, and from there to approach the issue of climate change [Figure 3(b, c, d)].